安徽岳西鹞落坪自然保护区文县疣螈的染色体组型分析     

鲍方印  王松  崔峰  康健 《安徽科技学院学报》2012,26(1):32-35

染色体组型具有物种的特异性,它们在遗传过程中是稳定的,研究各种动物的染色体组型,其染色体数目、形态等特征可作为鉴定动物种类的指标。以文县疣螈的精巢和肠上皮为材料,制备了文县疣螈精巢细胞有丝分裂染色体和肠上皮细胞有丝分裂染色体的标本,分析染色体组型,结果表明,文县疣螈体细胞染色体数2n=24,NF=48,可配成12对同源染色体,其中9对是中部着丝粒染色体,2对是亚中部着丝粒染色体,1对是亚端部着丝粒染色体,未发现异形染色体对。  相似文献   

三种国产兰属植物核型研究及其系统分类学意义     

雷文瑾  谢强  韦仕堂  卢柳燕  张海峰 《河池学院学报》2007,27(5):65-68

分析3种国产兰属植物,即春兰、春剑、惠兰的核型,并结合已有的形态学及核型资料对其分类及核型进化进行了初步的讨论,结果表明这3种兰属植物的染色体数目比较保守,变异不大,并且核型也具有较高的对称性。3种兰属植物的染色体核型差异与形态差异具明显的对应相关关系,说明兰属植物的形态变化更多的与遗传因素有关。  相似文献   

几种萱草核型的比较研究     

郑师章  何敏 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1985,23(6):429-431

Some species of Hemerocallis were cultivated in the campus of Futan Un- iversity, including the evergreen H. aurantiaca Baker.  The original plant of H. auran- tiaca was introduced from Zhangzhou, southeastern Fukien Province.  The karyotype formula of H. aurantiaca is 2n=33=12m+9sm+3st+3T+6m(sat).   The  karyotype differs from those of summer-green or evergreen H. fulva (k(2n)=33=3M+21m+6sm +3T) and H. fulva var. kwanso (K(2n)=33=3M+l8m+6sm+3st+3T).  The vouchers are kept in FUS.  相似文献   

四川葱属一新种及其核型     

许介眉  薛培凤  朱世梅  景望春 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1994,32(4):356-358

本文分析了该新种的核型，其核型公式为K(2n)＝2x＝16=14m+2st(2SAT)，具一对居间随体，有时该居间随体不明显。核型的不对称性为2A型。  相似文献   

秦岭地区10种百合科植物核型报道   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

尚宗燕  李汝娟  崔铁成 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1992,30(5):438-449

本文对秦岭地区的Polygonatum的2种，Hosta的2种和Smilax discotis，Cardiocrinum giganteum，Asparagus filicintus，Reineckia carnea，Tupistra chinensis，Rohdea japonica做了核型分析。其中有4种的核型为国内首次报道。本义对不同产地的玉竹gonatum odoratum)的核型进行了对比，讨论了其核型进化的可能途径。  相似文献   

沙参属10个种的染色体研究     

傅承新  刘鸣远 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1987,25(3):180-188

 本文报道了我国黑龙江产桔梗科沙参属的10种1变种的染色体数目和核型，对其中     7种作了减数分裂行为的观察。  其中6种1变种为首次报道，并发现2n=68的4x种。该     属染色体基数多为17(x＝17)，但Adenophora trachelioides和A．remotiflora的基数为18     (x=18)，为该属独特基数。核型的共同特征是：小型，以中部(m)、近中部(sm)着丝点     染色体为主，至少具一对近端着丝点染色体和一对随体染色体。该属染色体的演化处于二种     水平：  数目变化(包括多倍化和非整倍体变化)和结构变异。  多倍化是该属物种形成的主要     途径之一。结合其它性状讨论了这些种的分类，并确立1个四倍体新种(A. amurica)和1个新组合(A．pereskiifolia ssp．alternifolia)。  相似文献   

中国苹果属植物染色体研究     

梁国鲁  李晓林 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1993,31(3):236-251

本文报道了中国苹果属Malus Mill．21种36类型的核型和6个多倍体类型的减数分裂联会构 型。 (木+多)(木+衣)海棠组Sect．Docyniopsis和花楸苹果组Sect．Sorbomalus中的滇池海棠系Ser． Yunnanenses  属2A型，陇东海棠系Ser．Kansuenses中的变叶海棠M．toringoides和花叶海棠M． transitoria属2A、2B则，三叶海棠系Ser．Sieboldianae属2B型，苹果组Sect．Malus中的苹果系 Ser．Pumilae和山荆子系Ser．Baccatae除小金海棠M．xiaojinensis 2B型外，均属3B型。减数分 裂观察结果有同源四倍体，节段异源三倍体和异源三倍体类型。本文还讨论了种类间在核型上的差异、栽培种的起源，核型的演化趋势以及无融合生殖类型的分类学处理。  相似文献   

三种贝母核型的比较研究     

徐晋麟  李煜照  张林维  王立安  杨光锐 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1987,25(1):77-80

The present paper deals with a comparative karyotypic study of three species in Fri- tillaria-F. thuncergii Miq., F. anhuiensis S.  . Chen et S. F. Yin and F. hupehensis Hsiao et K. C. Hsia.  The karyotype of F. anhuiensis S. C. Chen et S. F. Yin is first reported.       The karyotypes of the three species of Fritillaria are rather similar, all with K(2n)=24= 2m+2sm+12t+4st+4m (SAT), showing a close interspecific relationship.  They all have two pairs of st chromosomes, one of which is the third chromosome in all the three species studied, but the other is the seventh in F. thunbergii Miq, the eighth in F. anhuiensis S. C. Chen et S. F. Yin, and the fifth in F. hupehensis Hsiao et K. C. Hsia.  It tells us that there are some differences in their karyotypes.  All of the three species possess two pairs of satellite chromosomes with the satellites located on the long arms. A heterochromatic zone is found sometimes on long arms of No. IX chromosome in each species of Fritillaria and on one of No. I chromosomes in both F. thun- bergii Miq. and F. anhuiensis S. C. Chen et S. F. Yin, a chromosome polymorphism occurring between populations of Fritillaria. In addition, three B chromosomes are always found in most root-tip cells of F. hupehensis Hsiao et K. C. Hsiao.  相似文献   

蜘蛛抱蛋属(百合科)的细胞分类学研究(1)——四川七个种的核型     

洪德元  郎楷永  张志宪 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1986,24(5):353-361

In the work mitotic chromosomes in root-tips of 7 species native to Sichuan Pro- vince were examined and their karyotypes were analysed based on 7-8 cells at mitotic meta- phase, using Levan et al.'s (1964) nomenclature. The list of species and origin of the materials used in this work are provided in the appendix.  The micrographs of mitotic metaphase of all the materials are shown in Plates 1 and 2; the idiograms in Fig. 1, 1-9, and the parameters of chromosomes are provided in Tables 1-9.  All the chromosome countings and karyotypes in this paper are reported for the first time.      Characteristics of the karyotypes may be summarized as follows:      1.  2n=38 are found in all the materials except A. sichuanensis, which has 3 cytotypes, i.e, 2n=38+5B, 2n=38+lB and 2n=38+OB (Plate 2, 1-2, Fig. 1, 5-6).      2.  The karyotypes are of two major types: the karyotype of A. flaviflora falls into 3C in Stebbins's (1958, 197l) classification of karyotypes and those of all the other species into 2C. The two types are also different from each other in the number of large and medium-sized chromosomes pairs and morphology of the first pair of chromosomes (compare Plate 2, 5, Fig. 1, 9 with the other micrographs and idiograms).A. flaviflora with the karyotype 3C also differs from the other species in a series of gross morphological characters: the species is of a yellow and campanulate corolla.      3.  The species with caespitose leaves (A. caespitosa and A. omeiensis) have essentially the same karyotype, which is rather different from those of the species with scattered leaves. There are two pairs of small sm chromosomes (arm ratio ≥1.90) in the former karyotype (Tables 1 and 3), but all the small chromosomes are m or sm with arm ratio <1.80 in the latter karyotypes.  相似文献   

浙江产7种菝葜的染色体研究     

傅承新  洪德元 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1990,28(3):211-222

本文报道浙江产菝葜属smilax 7个种的染色体数目和核型。S．nipponica有两种核型，2n＝   26和2n=32，均为3B型，但后一种细胞型的雄株的第一对染色体大小不等，可能为性染色体；S.   riparia 2n=30，属3B型；S．siebodii n＝16；S. china有两个染色体数目，2n＝96 和n＝15；   S. davidiana 2n=32，属3B型，对减数分裂MI的观察发现n＝16；S．glabra 2n=32，亦属3B   型：S. nervo-marginata var．liukiuensis 2n=32，属3C型。讨论了种间在核型上的差异、属的基数、   核型演化趋势和性染色体等问题。  相似文献