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1.
Joan N. Vickers Joe Causer Michael Stuart Elaine Little Sean Dukelow Marc Lavangie 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(1):109-117
AbstractA “look-up line” (LUL) has been proposed for ice hockey, which is an orange 1?m (40′) warning line (WL) painted on the ice at the base of the boards. The LUL purports to provide an early warning to players to keep their head up prior to and as they are being checked. We determined if players looked up more on a rink with the LUL compared to a traditional Control rink. Elite offensive (O) and defensive (D) players competed 1 vs. 1, while wearing an eye tracker that recorded their quiet eye (QE) and fixation and tracking (F-T) and an electrogoniometer that measured head angle. External cameras recorded skate duration during four skate phases: P1 preparation, P2 decision-making, P3 cut to boards, P4 contact. The QE was the final fixation prior to contact between O and D as they skated towards and across the WL during P3 and P4. Skate phase durations (%) did not differ by rink or rink by position. More QE and F-T occurred on the WL on the LUL rink than on the Control. The expected increase in head angle on the LUL rink did not occur during P3 or P4. Post-hoc results also showed O and D skated further from the boards on the LUL rink, suggesting the players preferred to control the puck on white ice, rather than the orange colour of the LUL rink. More research is needed to determine if these results apply to the competitive setting. 相似文献
2.
Lennart Fischer Joseph Baker Rebecca Rienhoff Bernd Strauß Judith Tirp Dirk Büsch 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(17):1637-1642
There is little research investigating the maintenance of perceptual-cognitive expertise in general and even less comparing coaches of different ages. The aim of this study was to test for perceptual-cognitive differences between age groups, licence levels, and their interaction. This study investigated differences in skilled performance between young and middle-aged coaches of three different skill levels. Participants performed an accuracy-oriented pattern recall (mean distance in pixel) and a time-oriented flicker test (mean detection time in ms). There were some significant differences between age groups and between skill groups for both tests, but no interactions. For the pattern recall test, the effect sizes were larger for skill level differences, while for the flicker test effects were larger for ageing. These results suggest coaches are able to maintain accuracy skills better than reaction timed tasks. This is in line with findings on speeded performance in general populations, which show declines with age. Moreover, results also support findings on perceptual expertise in skills where accuracy was important. 相似文献
3.
郭家宏 《安徽教育学院学报》2001,19(2):1-5
美国革命以后 ,英国政府从美国革命中吸取教训 ,对其帝国政策进行了调整。英国工业革命的发展 ,对外贸易变得越来越重要 ,成了英国经济的生命线。英国政府及国内民众的帝国观念也发生了很大变化 ,英国已经对拓殖新的殖民地不感兴趣 ,英国此时强调的是占据贸易商埠及战略基地 相似文献
4.
石蕊 《山东教育学院学报》2011,26(6):148-151
符号的选择和确定是画家艺术风格成熟的标志,它赋予了作品的个性化语言,带有画者个人的生活印记。符号的选择可以来源于生活,也可以来自于传统,它是架构画面语言的主要内容。符号的表现语言是每个画家所追求的内容,由它转化成为画面中的造型、色彩、构图、线条等表现语言。总而言之,符号无处不在,在它的表现背后带有画者个人的想象,运用想象力对符号进行加工和重组,从而传达画者个人的观念、情感以及对造型意味的理解。 相似文献
5.
BackgroundPerceptions of security toward parents are related with internalized and externalized problems among victims of child sexual abuse (CSA). Alexithymia, which is difficulty in identifying and expressing feelings, is associated with the quality of parent-child relationships (Oskis et al., 2013) and behavior problems in children (Di Trani et al., 2013).ObjectiveThe current study tested the mediational role of alexithymia in the relationship between perceptions of security toward parents and behavior problems among CSA victims.Participants and methodUsing a short-term multi-informant prospective design, 263 victims of CSA aged 6–12 years completed the Kerns Security Scale (Kerns, Klepac, & Cole, 1996), which evaluates perceived attachment security to mothers and fathers. Parents completed the Child Behavior Checklist (Achenbach & Rescorla, 2001) at Time 1 to provide baseline scores of behavior problems and again four months later. At Time 2, parents also assessed the children’s alexithymia using the Children’s Alexithymia Measure (Way et al., 2010).ResultsPerceptions of security were both associated with alexithymia, as well as with internalizing and externalizing problems (p < .05). A mediational model showed that perception of security toward fathers outweighed the mother-child relationship in predicting children’s alexithymia. Path analysis revealed that the father-child relationship predicted decreased behavioral problems at Time 2 through a lower level of alexithymia. The model explained 46.9% of internalizing problems and 56.1% of externalizing problems (p < .05).ConclusionsThe findings support the relevance of alexithymia as an intervention target for CSA victims and underscore the importance of the father-child relationship. 相似文献
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采用资料法、逻辑法、测量和统计等方法,并应用自编的《中学体育教师学校生态环境感知量表》测量了福建省中学体育教师学校生态环境感知的总体情况。对不同特征的中学体育教师学校生态环境感知情况进行了差异性检验;针对调查结果提出调控策略。 相似文献
7.
以信任、感知风险和创新开放度理论为基础,构建影响中小企业科技服务购买意愿的概念框架并提出研究假设予以论证。以324家宁波中小企业为样本进行实证研究,结果表明：供应商信任(认知信任、情感信任)对企业科技服务购买意愿具有显著正向影响,而感知风险对企业科技服务购买意愿产生显著负向影响；供应商信任与科技服务感知风险之间具有显著负相关关系,且情感信任维度相关性更高；创新开放度对供应商情感信任、感知风险与企业科技服务购买意愿关系的调节作用显著。 相似文献
8.
以桂、黔民族旅游地为例,从＂主、客＂的角度对比分析二者对旅游环境影响感知的异同,并对＂主客＂间感知异同的原因进行了探析。研究发现,＂主客＂对旅游正面环境影响的感知强于负面,且双方对旅游正面环境影响的感知程度较一致;负面感知上双方存在较大差异,居民的负面感知不如游客强烈。影响＂主客＂对旅游地总体旅游发展满意度的环境指标同样存在差异。 相似文献
9.
Charles Potter Errol Van Der Merwe Wendy Kaufman Julie Delacour 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2006,31(2):201-214
We have previously reported in this journal that spatial ability influences academic performance in engineering. We have also reported that spatial ability is trainable, and can be increased through instruction focused on using perception and mental imagery in three-dimensional representation. In this article, we present the results of a longitudinal evaluative study of student difficulties with engineering graphics at our university, involving research over a 24-year period. Prior to our intervention, the first-year engineering graphics course at our university had a failure rate of 36% for all engineering students, and failure rates of 80% for African students studying at our university. In terms of outcomes, our study indicates that changed teaching practices have been associated with increased pass rates, which currently average 88% for all students. There is clear evidence that African students no longer experience major difficulties in passing the course. This can be attributed both to changes in teaching methodology, as well as broader contextual changes occurring in South Africa over the period reviewed.
Despite evidence of increased pass rates, our data suggest that there is a continuing relationship between three-dimensional spatial perception and academic performance in engineering graphics, as well as with aggregated first-year engineering marks. For this reason, many students still require academic support. There is also evidence that female students experience difficulties with engineering graphics due to lack of previous technical experience, and use a variety of strategies to overcome their study problems. The most effective appear to be use of peers and friends, and in particular students who had previously taken the course, as mediators of the course content and materials. Those female students who have not taken technical drawing at school level, and female students who do not network with other engineering students, are those at greatest disadvantage. 相似文献
10.
Patti A. Freeman Ramon B. Zabriskie 《Journal of Adventure Education & Outdoor Learning》2013,13(2):131-145
Abstract The family is the fundamental unit in society and perhaps the oldest and most important of all human institutions. Several studies have indicated a positive correlation between strong, successful families and family participation in outdoor recreational activities. This paper addresses the role of structured outdoor recreation programming in family enrichment. Findings from two studies based in the United States are presented: one on the effect of a one-day family outdoor adventure program on parental and child perceptions of family functioning and the other from a qualitative inquiry into the meaning of family residential camping experiences. The first study collected both quantitative and qualitative data from 24 families who participated in an 8-hour outdoor adventure program. The second study utilized structured interviews with 11 families participating in a residential camp experience. Findings from both studies demonstrate that structured outdoor family recreation programming has a strong positive relationship with family strength. Furthermore, findings indicate that the type of outdoor adventure activities being used in the treatment of dysfunctional and maladaptive families is also effective in providing family enrichment experiences. 相似文献