排序方式： 共有154条查询结果，搜索用时 187 毫秒
1.
We have studied the efficiency of research in the EU by a percentile-based citation approach that analyzes the distribution of country papers among the world papers. Going up in the citation scale, the frequency of papers from efficient countries increases while the frequency from inefficient countries decreases. In the percentile-based approach, this trend, which is uniform at any citation level, is measured by the ep index that equals the Ptop 1%/Ptop 10% ratio. By using the ep index we demonstrate that EU research on fast-evolving technological topics is less efficient than the world average and that the EU is far from being able to compete with the most advanced countries. The ep index also shows that the USA is well ahead of the EU in both fast- and slow-evolving technologies, which suggests that the advantage of the USA over the EU in innovation is due to low research efficiency in the EU. In accord with some previous studies, our results show that the European Commission’s ongoing claims about the excellence of EU research are based on a wrong diagnosis. The EU must focus its research policy on the improvement of its inefficient research. Otherwise, the future of Europeans is at risk. 相似文献
2.
3.
文章主要评述了西班牙的初中综合科学课程的“科学观、课程的特点、课程的实施、课程的管理”等几个主要问题，由此较深入地了解西班牙的初中综合科学课程改革的现状，以期对我国现行的科学课程的改革有所启示。 相似文献
4.
张永辉 《体育科技文献通报》2009,17(11):46-47
本文采用观察法、数理统计法和文献资料法以第29届奥运会中中国与西班牙男篮比赛为研究对象，把两队的中近距离投篮、3分投篮、罚球、投篮的命中率、篮板球、助攻等技术进行统计分析，发现中国队与世界强队的差距，为以后中国男篮运动员的训练提供参考依据。 相似文献
5.
Maria C. Porcal-Gonzalo 《Journal of Map & Geography Libraries》2015,11(3):289-329
In recent years, there has been a growing recognition of the fact that the proper management of information has to include concern for its preservation and future re-use. This ambition is particularly significant for geospatial data. The primary aim of this article is to define the European and Spanish frameworks for the preservation and reutilization of geographical information, with the ultimate goal of proposing an articulated, lifecycle-based data management model. With this, the intent is to shed some light on a complex, difficult and ever-evolving subject.The article is divided into two main parts. The first part begins with a conceptual justification for geospatial data management and continues by synthesizing the current normative and technological framework for the preservation and reutilization of geographical information. Within this context, the implementation of Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI) in Spain is evaluated. The second part begins with a case study from Spain that aims to identify different agents and flows that influence the lifecycle of geographical data, as well as the strengths and weaknesses found in each stage of the process under examination. Finally, the foregoing ideas are used in order to propose a SDI-related system for the management of geographical information. 相似文献
6.
Much comparative research into education-related beliefs has exploited questionnaires developed in one culture for use in another. This has been particularly the case in mathematics education, the focus of this paper. In so doing, researchers have tended to assume that translation alone is sufficient to warrant a reliable and valid instrument for cross-cultural research, prompting concerns that a number of necessary equivalences are unlikely to have been addressed. In this paper, we consider the nature of these equivalences before examining the literature of a different field, healthcare research, to synthesise an approach to instrument adaptation that is pragmatic but rigorous. Finally, we demonstrate how this pragmatic approach, incorporating extensive cognitive interviews, enabled us to adapt and refine a mathematics-related beliefs questionnaire, developed in Flanders, for use with students aged 14–15 in England and Spain. Analyses indicate that the instrument so developed is multidimensional, reliable and cross-culturally valid. Some implications are discussed. 相似文献
7.
Carles Sirera Miralles 《History of education》2015,44(2):156-170
In order to analyse the cultural values of Spanish liberalism, this paper describes the prohibition of corporal punishment in secondary education. The evolution of education laws and codes during the nineteenth century reveals great hope and confidence in building up an academic authority based exclusively on the power of reason and capable of ruling an ordered society. However, the study of documents found in the Instituto de Valencia historical archives highlights the difficulty of maintaining discipline as well as managing the political motivations of rebellious students, who demanded more autonomy from the academic authority. 相似文献
8.
李海新 《体育科技文献通报》2011,19(4):54-56
采用文献资料法、录像统计法对西班牙队在第19届世界杯的所有比赛进行研究,结果表明西班牙队的阵型是根据比赛对手的不同进行队员组合,选择4-3-3和4-2-3-1。西班牙的进攻注重整体配合,以短传为主,凭借良好的控球技术和接应队员的积极跑位,撕开后防线完成进攻,全队射门127次,进球8个,对手的密集防守使队员加强了远射和门前补射,西班牙队3/4的进球是在10秒之内由3人以下配合进球,并且多在中前场断球发动反击完成。西班牙队的防守采取中前场反抢、中场干扰控制、后场区域密集防守贺定人相结合的网状防守体系,定位球防守能力较差的局面有所改善,有效的防守保证了西班牙队第一次染指世界杯冠军。 相似文献
9.
Antonio Muñoz-Cañavate 《Government Information Quarterly》2011,28(1):74-90
This study presents the basic lines of electronic administration in Spain. The complexity of the Spanish political-administrative system makes such a study challenging, in view of the considerable degree of autonomy and competences of the regional administrative bodies and local agencies with respect to the central government, the former being more visible in the 17 regions of Spain. Nonetheless, the central government maintains a series of legal instruments that allow a certain common framework of action to be imposed, aside from what is put into effect through diverse programs aimed precisely to develop common tools for the regions and municipalities of Spain. After an introduction that provides some necessary background, this study describes the legislative framework in which Spain's electronic administrative system has developed. The data included in the study refer to investment in information and communication technologies (ICT) and the services offered by the different Administrations on the internet; internet access by citizens, homes, businesses, and employees, as well as the interactivity existing with administrations by means of the internet; the origins and rise of various political initiatives of the Central Government involving electronic administration; and finally, the situation of civil service personnel, as catalysts of the success of Information Society in the Public Administration within Spain. 相似文献
10.
运用录像观察法、文献资料法、逻辑分析法、专家访谈法、结合运动训练理论和现行足球规则,对冠军球队的比赛阵型、进攻区域、以及主要进攻的途径、方式、效率等进行统计分析,从而从中找到冠军球队在足球比赛中进攻技战术的基本规律,旨为足球训练中的理论提供参考依据。 相似文献