| 动作发展视角下3~6岁幼儿功能性练习方案的设计与实证研究 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 周喆啸,顾耀东,李建设,赵焕彬,赵晓光.动作发展视角下3~6岁幼儿功能性练习方案的设计与实证研究[J].首都体育学院学报,2021(2). |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 周喆啸 顾耀东 李建设 赵焕彬 赵晓光 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 宁波大学大健康研究院;河北师范大学体育学院 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(19YJC890065);宁波大学人文社会科学培育项目(XPYB19008)。 |
| |
| 摘 要： | 探讨动作发展视角下,依据3~6岁幼儿身心发育特点所设计的功能性练习方案对粗大动作能力的影响,为幼儿粗大动作能力促进、教师教学设计提供参考。方法:随机抽选3~6岁幼儿249人,分为实验组(124人)和对照组(125人),前者完成功能性练习,后者进行常规体育运动,干预时间为24周。通过系统分析法,确定幼儿功能性练习方案的内容、原则及要求,使方案更加科学、系统和实用;干预前后使用TGMD-2量表对各年龄段实验组和对照组幼儿粗大动作能力进行测评。结果:1)实验组大、中、小班幼儿粗大动作总分依次为(88.09±5.73)分、(79.69±5.77)分和(64.94±9.54)分,较干预前提高(32.37±6.93)分、(30.69±9.07)分和(32.57±8.20)分,变化显著(p<0.01);2)对照组大、中、小班幼儿粗大动作总分依次为(65.51±8.76)分、(54.24±9.19)分和(47.27±11.92)分,较实验前提高(8.80±6.97)分、(6.16±8.70)分和(16.42±8.81)分,变化显著(p<0.01),但对照组干预前后各年龄段幼儿位移动作得分、控制动作得分及粗大动作总分变化差值均显著低于实验组(p<0.01)。结论:常规体育运动对幼儿粗大动作发展有一定促进作用,但存在个别动作变化不明显、掌握不稳定等情况。幼儿功能性练习设计为“动作模块”与“素质模块”,前者将3~6岁幼儿的动作学习系统地划分为3个层次,为教师设计练习方案提供了依据;后者可针对幼儿特定身体素质进行科学锻炼,动作学习中兼顾身体素质的发展。功能性练习对幼儿粗大动作各指标均有显著影响且优于常规体育运动,对促进粗大动作发展具有一定的作用。
|
| 关 键 词： | 3~6岁幼儿 功能性练习 粗大动作 |
Design and Empirical Study of Functional Exercise Program of Preschoolers Aged 3~6 Years Based on Motor Development |
| |
| ZHOU Zhexiao,GU Yaodong,LI Jianshe,ZHAO Huanbin,ZHAO Xiaoguang.Design and Empirical Study of Functional Exercise Program of Preschoolers Aged 3~6 Years Based on Motor Development[J].Journal of Capital College of Physical Education,2021(2). |
| |
| Authors: | ZHOU Zhexiao GU Yaodong LI Jianshe ZHAO Huanbin ZHAO Xiaoguang |
| |
| Institution: | (Research Academy of Grand Health,Ningbo University,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315211,China;College of Physical Education,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050024,China) |
| |
| Abstract: | Objective:From the perspective of motor development,this paper discussed the influence of functional exercise designed for 3-6 years preschooler’s physical and mental characteristics on gross motor,and provided references for promoting gross motor ability and designing teaching plan.Methods:Children aged 3-6 years were randomly selected and divided into the experimental group(124)and the control group(125),with the former completing functional exercises and the latter performing regular physical activities,in a total period of 24 weeks.Through systematic analysis,the content,principles and requirements of the program are determined,so as to make the preschooler's functional exercise program more scientific,systematic and practical.TGMD-2 scale was used to test children’s gross motor ability in the experimental group and the control group pre-and post-intervention.Results:1)The gross movements scores of experimental group were(88.09±5.73)(79.69±5.77)and(64.94±9.54),respectively,which were(32.37±6.93)(30.69±9.07)and(32.57±8.20)higher than pre-intervention(p<0.01);2)The gross movement scores of control group were(65.51±8.76)(54.24±9.19)and(47.27±11.92)respectively,which were(8.80±6.97)(6.16±8.70)and(16.42±8.81)higher than pre-intervention(p<0.01),however,pre-and post-intervention,the difference of locomotive,object and gross movement total score of all ages was significantly lower than the experimental group(p<0.01).Conclusion:Regular sports activities have a certain facilitation on gross movements,but it did not balance and stabilize the developing of gross motor skill.Preschooler’s functional exercise was designed as“movement module”and“physical module”.The former has been 3-6 years preschooler’s motor learning systematic divided into three levels,which is convenient for preschool teachers to arrange specific exercises;the latter has been able to carry out scientific stimulation for children’s specific physical fitness and take into account the development of physical fitness in motor learning.The results of the intervention also confirmed that functional exercise had a significant impact on all indicators of gross movement and was superior to regular physical activity,so preschooler’s functional exercise had a certain value in promoting gross movement. |
| |
| Keywords: | 3-6 years preschoolers functional exercise gross motor |
| 本文献已被 维普 等数据库收录！ |
|
