| 小花草玉梅变态花萼片的形态学研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 常鸿莉,任毅,冯鲁田.小花草玉梅变态花萼片的形态学研究[J].中国科学院研究生院学报,2005,1(3):225-232. |
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| 作者姓名： | 常鸿莉 任毅 冯鲁田 |
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| 作者单位： | 1(西北大学生命科学学院 西安 710069) 2(陕西师范大学生命科学学院 西安 710062) 3(陕西省药品检验所 西安 710061) |
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| 摘 要： | 运用宏观形态学和光学显微镜方法,对小花草玉梅Anemone rivularis var. flore-minore正常花和变态花的花被片进行了比较研究,以期更好地理解该分类群花被片变态过程。研究结果显示,该植物正常花中的花被片一般5(-8)枚,白色,倒卵形,全缘,可达1.3×0.5 cm,叶脉为开放的二叉分枝状,只在背面的顶端具少量毛被;其上表面未观察到气孔器,下表面具少量的气孔器。变态花中的花被片数目可达20枚;变态花被片显示出苞片或叶的形态特征:具网状脉,绿色,倒卵形或椭圆形,可达5×3 cm,两面密被毛,全缘或3裂,裂片边缘又浅裂或有锯齿,背腹面均具气孔器且数目随着变态程度的增加而增加。正常花被片与强烈变态的花被片之间在数目、形状、大小、颜色、边缘是否分裂、脉序及气孔器和毛被的数目等方面存在着连续的变态梯度。小花草玉梅变态花被片的叶状特征表明,这种表现叶性器官特征的变态可能是一种返祖现象,被子植物花萼片可能与苞片具有相同的起源。
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| 关 键 词： | 小花草玉梅 花萼片 变态 同源异型 |
Morphological observations on metamorphosed sepals in Anemone rivularis var. flore-minore (Ranunculaceae) |
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| CHANG Hong-Li,REN Yi,FENG Lu-Tian.Morphological observations on metamorphosed sepals in Anemone rivularis var. flore-minore (Ranunculaceae)[J].Journal of the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,2005,1(3):225-232. |
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| Authors: | CHANG Hong-Li REN Yi FENG Lu-Tian |
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| Institution: | 1(College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China) 2(College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China) 3(Shaanxi Institute for Drug Control, Xi’an 710061, China) |
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| Abstract: | Sepals of the normal and metamorphosed flowers in Anemone rivularis var. flore-minore were comparatively studied by using the methods of macroscopical morphology and microscopical observation for having a better understanding of the processes of floral metamorphosis in this taxon. The normal flowers had 5(-8) white, obovate and entire sepals up to 1.3×0.5 cm. The sepals had the opening dichotomous venation, and were very sparsely hairy in the distal region on the lower surface. No stomata were observed on the upper surface but a few were observed on the lower surface. The metamorphosed flowers had sepals up to 20 in number. The sepals showed the morphology of bracts or foliage leaves, and had the reticulate venation, and were green, obovate or elliptic, up to 5×3 cm, densely hairy on both surfaces, margin entire or 3-lobed, and each lobe was lobulate and margin serrate. Stomata were observed on both surfaces, and the number of stomata increased towards the increasing floral metamorphosis. A continuous gradient from normal sepals to metamorphosed ones was observed with respect to the number, size, colour, shape, division, distribution of stomata, hairiness and venation. The leaf-like features exhibited by the metamorphosed sepals indicate that such sepals should be produced through atavism and that they should be of the same origin as the bracts. |
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| Keywords: | Anemone rivularis var flore-minore sepal metamorphosis homoeosis |
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