| 异地高考政策对随迁子女高等教育机会的影响——比较乡-城、城-城两类流动人口的差异 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘宁宁,杨菁菁,吴克明.异地高考政策对随迁子女高等教育机会的影响——比较乡-城、城-城两类流动人口的差异[J].复旦教育论坛,2023,21(5):112-119. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘宁宁 杨菁菁 吴克明 |
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| 作者单位： | 湖南师范大学 教育科学学院 |
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| 基金项目： | 湖南省社科基金2021年青年项目“后扶贫时代教育缓解流动人口相对贫困的效果研究”（21YBQ029） |
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| 摘 要： | 大多数学者认为异地高考政策更加有利于家庭条件较好的随迁子女，少数学者则认为该政策能有效保障农村随迁子女的教育权益，但已有文献仍缺乏关于异地高考政策对两类流动人口高等教育机会影响差异的比较研究。基于2017年中国流动人口动态监测调查数据，本文探讨了异地高考政策对城乡随迁子女高等教育机会的影响，并探究了该政策的调节作用。研究发现，异地高考政策对农村随迁子女高等教育机会的促进作用显著高于城镇随迁子女，且这种效应仅在高政策门槛地区存在，低门槛地区不存在。从政策的调节作用来看，异地高考政策有助于提高农村流动人口子女随迁的意愿，且对农村随迁子女高等教育机会的促进作用要显著高于农村留守子女。同时，异地高考政策可显著降低农村随迁子女家庭社会经济地位对其子女高等教育机会的影响。为此，各地方政府应坚持并完善异地高考政策，充分发挥该政策促进高等教育公平的杠杆作用；流入地政府要进一步提高本地高中教育服务能力；中央政府要进一步推进、完善高考录取制度改革。
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| 关 键 词： | 异地高考政策 随迁子女 高等教育机会 城乡差异 |
The Impact of the Cross-Regional College Entrance Examination Policy on the Higher Education Opportunities of Migrant Children: A Comparative Study of the Differences between Rural-Urban and Urban-Urban Floating Population |
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| LIU Ningning,YANG Jingjing,WU Keming.The Impact of the Cross-Regional College Entrance Examination Policy on the Higher Education Opportunities of Migrant Children: A Comparative Study of the Differences between Rural-Urban and Urban-Urban Floating Population[J].Fudan Education Forum,2023,21(5):112-119. |
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| Authors: | LIU Ningning YANG Jingjing WU Keming |
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| Institution: | School of Education Science, Hunan Normal Universit |
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| Abstract: | Most scholars argue that the policy of cross-regional college entrance examinations benefits rural migrant children with better family conditions, while a minority believe that it effectively safeguards their education rights. However, existing literature lacks comparative research on the impact of college entrance examination policies across regions on the higher education opportunities of different types of floating populations. This study aims to address this gap by examining the effects of cross-regional college entrance examination policies on the higher education opportunities of urban and rural migrant children, and investigating the moderating role of these policies. Using data from the 2017 Dynamic Monitoring Survey of Migration in China, this research analyzes the influence of college entrance examination policies on urban and rural migrant children''s higher education opportunities. The findings indicate that the promotion effect of these policies on higher education opportunities for rural migrant children is significantly greater than for urban migrant children. Moreover, this effect is observed only in areas with high policy thresholds, while it is absent in areas with low thresholds. From a policy standpoint, the cross-regional college entrance examination policy enhances the mobility of rural migrant children and has a more substantial impact on their higher education opportunities compared to rural left-behind children. Additionally, this policy mitigates the influence of the socio-economic status of rural migrant children''s families on their educational opportunities. Based on these findings, it is recommended that local governments uphold and improve the remote college entrance examination policy to promote higher education equity. Furthermore, local governments should enhance the capacity of local high schools to provide educational services, while the central government should continue to promote and enhance the reform of the college entrance examination admission system. |
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| Keywords: | cross-regional college entrance examination policy migrant children higher education opportunities urban-rural differences |
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