| 农民战争的命运和农民的局限性——太平天国及义和团运动失败的教训 |
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| 引用本文： | 钟康模.农民战争的命运和农民的局限性——太平天国及义和团运动失败的教训[J].广东教育学院学报,2007,27(2):1-7. |
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| 作者姓名： | 钟康模 |
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| 作者单位： | 广东教育学院党委 广东广州510303 |
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| 摘 要： | 太平天国农民革命和义和团反帝爱国运动,是中国近代农民运动的两次高潮,意义重大,影响深远,但最终还是失败了。失败的原因是多方面的,研究发现,太平天国失败的根本原因,在于农民小生产者阶级的局限性使革命队伍日益受到封建主义的侵袭,滋长了保守、迷信、享乐、皇权等封建思想意识。其表现为封建皇权主义思想严重,家天下、迷于权势、争权夺利和生活腐化,以致内部流血内讧,导致太平天国运动的最后失败。历史告诉我们,旧式农民战争推翻不了封建制度。同样,义和团也无法摆脱旧式农民战争的归宿,他们英勇反抗,拼死奋斗,仍不能赶走入侵的帝国主义。义和团失败的根本原因在于其笼统的和极端排外主义及封建蒙昧主义。笼统排外又是封建蒙昧主义的突出表现,不符合中国人民的根本利益,导致了行动上的盲目性和落后性,其结果是孤立了自己,壮大了敌人,使反帝斗争陷于歧途,悲壮失败。太平天国和义和团运动失败的历史表明,封建皇权主义和笼统的排外主义,是旧民主主义革命时期农民革命和农民战争的两个致命弱点,在半封建半殖民地的中国,农民不能独立完成反帝反封建的革命任务,自发的农民思想不能拯救中华。
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| 关 键 词： | 太平天国 义和团 皇权主义 排外主义 农民革命 教训 失败 |
| 文章编号： | 24361707 |
| 修稿时间： | 03 10 2007 12:00AM |
On the Limitation of Peasants and the Fate of Peasant Wars——Lessons from the Failure of Tai Ping Tian Guo and Yi He Tuan Movement |
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| ZHONG Kang-mo.On the Limitation of Peasants and the Fate of Peasant Wars——Lessons from the Failure of Tai Ping Tian Guo and Yi He Tuan Movement[J].Journal of Guangdong Education Institute,2007,27(2):1-7. |
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| Authors: | ZHONG Kang-mo |
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| Institution: | The Party Committee, Guangdong Education Institute, Guangdong, Guangzhou, 510303, P. R. China |
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| Abstract: | The Tai Ping Tian Guo Peasant Revolution and Yi He Tuan Anti-Imperialism Movement signal the peak of contemporary peasant movement in China.Though doomed to end in failure,they exert great influence and profound significance in the Chinese history.Researches indicate that there exist various reasons for the failure.The major cause lies in that the limitation of the minor peasant producers induces the influences of feudal ideas on the revolutionary troops,which leads to the spread of feudal ideas of conservative,superstition,pleasure and power seeking.The preservation of imperial power,autocratic control of the nation,the seeking of power and privileges,and the bloody internal conflict result in the failure of the movement.History again proves that the old type peasant war could not overthrow the feudal system.Similarly,the Yi He Tuan were not able to avoid the tragic ending of the old type peasant war,that is the failure to drive the imperialism out of China,however hard and brave they struggled and fought.The failure of Tai Ping Tian Guo and Yi He Tuan movement shows that the feudal imperial power and the general exclusivism are the two vital weaknesses of peasant revolution and war in the old democratic revolution period.In semi-feudal and colonial China,peasants by themselves were not able to accomplish the task of overthrowing imperialism and feudalism,the self-initiated peasant thoughts failed to rescue China. |
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| Keywords: | Tai Ping Tain Guo Yi He Tuan imperial power exclusivism peasant revolution lessons failure |
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