| 松华坝水库流域非点源污染景观空间负荷 |
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| 引用本文： | 袁睿佳.松华坝水库流域非点源污染景观空间负荷[J].资源科学,2019,41(2):405-413. |
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| 作者姓名： | 袁睿佳 |
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| 作者单位： | 云南财经大学国土资源与持续发展研究所,昆明 650221 |
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| 基金项目： | 云南省科技计划项目（2010ZC096）;云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目（2010C048）;云南财经大学引进人才“科研启动费”项目（YC2011D26） |
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| 摘 要： | 为保障松华坝水库流域的饮水安全,促进滇池流域水污染的防治工作,本文以非点源污染为研究对象,通过专家打分法分析不同景观在该流域非点源污染形成中的贡献,并确定各“源”、“汇”景观的比重,以景观空间负荷对比指数为基础,分别从流域整体与各景观空间要素2个方面,定量研究了流域景观格局与非点源污染的关系。结果显示：①松华坝水库流域整体和各空间要素层面的4个景观空间负荷指数值均小于0.50,表明流域在整体和各景观空间要素层面,均属于“污染截留型”景观格局,即理论上由当前景观格局新产生并排出的非点源污染物极少;②坡度景观空间负荷指数>相对高程景观空间负荷指数>距离景观空间负荷指数,表明加强保护该流域中高海拔陡坡地带的“汇”景观,不仅可以防止形成新的“污染贡献型”景观格局,还可强化其隔离圈式“污染截留型”景观格局,有效阻挡流域中面积最大的“源”景观,位于中高海拔山区的旱地所产生的土壤和养分外流。
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| 关 键 词： | 非点源污染 “源”“汇”景观格局 景观空间负荷指数 洛伦兹曲线理论 松华坝水库流域 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-11-12 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018-12-15 |
Location-weighted landscape index of non-point source pollution in Songhuaba Reservoir watershed |
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| Ruijia YUAN.Location-weighted landscape index of non-point source pollution in Songhuaba Reservoir watershed[J].Resources Science,2019,41(2):405-413. |
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| Authors: | Ruijia YUAN |
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| Institution: | Institute of Land ＆ Resources and Sustainable Development,Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, Kunming 650221, China |
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| Abstract: | To ensure the drinking water safety of Songhuaba Reservoir and to promote the prevention and control of water pollution in Dianchi watershed, this study took the non-point source pollution as the research object. Through analyzing the contribution of the different landscape in the formation of non-point source pollution in the watershed, the weights of each ‘source’ and ‘sink’ landscape were characterized by expert evaluation method. The relationship between landscape pattern and non-point source pollution was identified quantitatively from the whole watershed and the three spatial factors levels (slope degree, relative elevation, and distance) by the location-weighted landscape index. The results showed that: (1) All of the location-weighted landscape indexes are less than 0.50, demonstrating that the watershed is the ‘pollution-interception’ landscape pattern in the current, no matter from the whole watershed or from the spatial factor levels. It means that there is few non-point source pollution out from the watershed outlet now, in theory. (2) The result of LWLIslope degree>LWLIrelative elevation>LWLIdistance indicates that in this watershed, focusing on the protection of the ‘sink’ landscape on the high-altitude and steep slope zone could not only prevent the formation of new “pollution contribution” landscape pattern, but also could strengthen the existing landscape pattern of ‘pollution-interception’ in isolation circle. It could effectively block the outflow of soil and nutrients losing by the dry land. The dry land is the largest contributor to non-point source pollution load, is also the ‘source’ landscape with the largest area, and is located in the middle-high elevation and sloping fields in Songhuaba Reservoir watershed. |
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| Keywords: | non-point source pollution ‘source’ or ‘sink’ landscape pattern LWLI(location-weighted landscape index) Lorenz Curve theory Songhuaba Reservoir watershed |
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