| 海外汉字教学呼唤改革创新——探寻“汉字难”的破解之道 |
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| 引用本文： | 黄金城.海外汉字教学呼唤改革创新——探寻“汉字难”的破解之道[J].云南师范大学学报(教育科学版),2014(6):17-23. |
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| 作者姓名： | 黄金城 |
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| 作者单位： | 上海外国语大学国际文化交流学院,上海200083 |
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| 摘 要： | ＂汉字难＂是汉语国际教育的瓶颈。不解决汉字难,汉语国际教育难免会停留在低水平、低层次,不符合汉语国际传播的宗旨。文章尝试更换视角,寻找解决方法。文章首先探讨＂汉字为什么难学＂,指出其原因涉及汉字自身特点和主观因素。文章就主观因素的原因,提出：教学目标定位不当,教学盲区不少,教学方法内外无别,文字理论还不够完备。要改进汉字教学,应该在这些方面加大改革的力度。提出海外汉字教学应该突出＂听说读＂,淡化＂写＂。减少写字量,增加识字量,尽早形成汉语书面阅读能力。文章建议汉字教学实施＂两步走＂新模式,设置＂汉字预备课程＂。最后介绍新型教材《汉字ABC》。这个教材凝聚着对改革汉字教学的一系列想法,核心理念是＂汉字教学必须从外国学生的特点出发＂。教材的创新之处有：汉字教学新模式;汉字教学新方法——字感教学法;汉字形体新概念——＂字域＂;汉字笔画新理论——＂九笔画＂;汉字练习新题型。
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| 关 键 词： | 海外汉字教学 教学目标 汉字预备课程 字域 九笔画 |
Reform and innovation of the teaching of Chinese characters abroad |
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| HUANG Jin-cheng.Reform and innovation of the teaching of Chinese characters abroad[J].Journal of Yunnan Normal University(Education Sciences Edition),2014(6):17-23. |
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| Authors: | HUANG Jin-cheng |
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| Institution: | HUANG Jin-cheng (International College of Cultural Exchange, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai 200083, China) |
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| Abstract: | “Chinese is difficult,” which has become the bottleneck of international Chinese education. If this problem has remained, international Chinese education will inevitably stay at a low level and fail to meet the goal of international Chinese communication. This paper attempts to adopt some new perspectives and to find out some solutions. It first discusses the causes of difficulties in learning Chinese characters. The subjective factors include unclear teaching objects, inflexible teaching methods, and poor theoretical exploration. The paper points out that the teaching of Chinese characters abroad should attach importance to listening, specking and reading rather than writing. It aims to reduce the amount of writing, increase the amount of literacy. It proposes a new two-step model of teaching Chinese characters and a “Chinese preparatory course.” Finally, it analyzes the new textbook Kanji ABC which embodies a series of reform ideas, the core of which is “ teaching Chinese characters with a consideration of foreign students’ characteristics. ” This new set of Chinese textbooks have the following features： a new model of teaching Chinese characters; Kanji new teaching methods; a new concept of ＂character domain＂; a new theory of Chinese ＂nine kinds of character strokes＂, and new exercises. |
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| Keywords: | teaching of Chinese characters abroad teaching target Kanji preparatory courses character domain nine kinds of character strokes |
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