Exercise-mediated regulation of autophagy in the cardiovascular system |
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| Institution: | 1. Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China;2. Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Histology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest 050474, Romania;3. Alessandrescu-Rusescu National Institute of Mother and Child Health, Fetal Medicine Excellence Research Center, Bucharest 020395, Romania;4. Cardiovascular Division of the Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA |
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| Abstract: | Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of human death worldwide. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved degradation pathway, which is a highly conserved cellular degradation process in which lysosomes decompose their own organelles and recycle the resulting macromolecules. Autophagy is critical in maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis and function, and excessive or insufficient autophagy or autophagic flux can lead to cardiovascular disease. Enormous evidence indicates that exercise training plays a beneficial role in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The regulation of autophagy during exercise is a bidirectional process. For cardiovascular disease caused by either insufficient or excessive autophagy, exercise training restores normal autophagy function and delays the progression of cardiovascular disease. An in-depth exploration and discussion of exercise-mediated regulation of autophagy in the cardiovascular system can broaden our view about the prevention of various autophagy-related diseases through exercise training. In this article, we review autophagy and its related signaling pathways, as well as autophagy-dependent beneficial effects of exercise in cardiovascular system. |
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