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| 双任务中内隐运动技能学习对提高保持成绩的作用 | |
| 引用本文： | 赖勤,Attila J.Kovacs.双任务中内隐运动技能学习对提高保持成绩的作用[J].天津体育学院学报,2009,24(2):138-141. |
| 作者姓名： | 赖勤 Attila J.Kovacs |
| 作者单位： | 赖勤,Ronald J.Benedict,Qin Lai,Ronald J.Benedict(Wayne State University.Detroit,MI(USA));Xiaofen D.Keating,Xiaofen D.Keating(University of Texas at Austin,TX(USA));Attila J.Kovacs,Attila J.Kovacs(Texas A&M University,TX(USA)) |
| 摘 要： | 本实验研究的目的是,调查在双任务条件下一个运动系列能否被不觉察地掌握,内隐学习是否比外显学习更有效地增加保持.36名实验对象被随机分为内隐学习组或外显学习组.要求所有被试通过敲击一个键盘上的F和J键,来移动计算机屏幕上的横杆,去接住一个下落的小球.一个固定的5种小球下落曲线的系列被安插在每组15次练习的中段.同时,实验参加者需要数每组练习中的所听到的嘟嘟声的数目,以作为第二项任务.在掌握该技能后的24小时进行3次保持测验.ANOVA分析发现固定小球下落曲线段的接球成绩随着练习的增加而提高,但是练习对随机段没有作用.尽管两种练习条件下,运动技能学习成绩没有差异,但内隐学习组比外显学习组在模拟接球的保持测试和第二项任务中表现较准确.这些结果显示内隐学习是一个改善运动技能长期记忆的有效手段,并且与外显学习相比,它在练习中占用较少的认知资源. |
| 关 键 词： | 运动学习 内隐学习 模拟接球 |
Implicit Motor Learning Enhances Retention in Dual Task |
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| Qin Lai,Ronald J.Benedict,Xiaofen D.Keating,Attila J.Kovacs.Implicit Motor Learning Enhances Retention in Dual Task[J].Journal of Tianjin Institute of Physical Education,2009,24(2):138-141. | |
| Authors: | Qin Lai Ronald JBenedict Xiaofen DKeating Attila JKovacs |
| Institution: | 1. Wayne State University.Detroit,MI(USA) 2. University of Texas at Austin,TX(USA) 3. Texas A&M University,TX(USA) |
| Abstract: | The purposes of this experiment were to investigate whether a movement sequence could be implicitly acquired and implicit learning could be more effective on retention compared to explicit learning in a dual-task paradigm. Participants (n=36) were randomly assigned to one of two conditions, implicit or explicit. All participants were asked to depress two keys ("F" and "J") on a keyboard to move a bar laterally in order to catch a descending ball on a baseline of the screen. Ensconced in the middle portion of each practice block (15 trials) was a repeated sequence of five ball-descending patterns. At the same time participants needed to count the number of beeps for each block as a secondary task. A 3-block retention test was administered 24 hours after the completion of acquisition with 15 blocks. The ANOVA analysis indicated practice resulted in higher performance for the repeated portion of sequence but not for the random portions. Although there was no difference in acquisition performance between the two practice conditions but implicit group produced better learning during retention test relative to explicit group. In addition, implicit mode of learning produced the high accuracy on secondary task over explicit mode of learning. These results demonstrate implicit learning is an effective tool to improve motor skill in relative long term and it frees the cognitive resource from the practice compared to explicit learning. |
| Keywords: | motor learning implicit learning simulated ball catching |
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