| 中国义务教育资源利用及配置不均衡研究 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 曾满超,丁延庆.中国义务教育资源利用及配置不均衡研究[J].教育与经济,2005(2):34-40. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 曾满超 丁延庆 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 美国哥伦比亚大学,教育学院/中国教育中心,美国,纽约,10027;北京大学,教育学院,北京,100871 |
| |
| 摘 要： | 本研究利用1997年到2000年的全国县级数据对中国义务教育的资源利用和配置不均衡状况进行了描述性统计分析。研究发现，虽然不同地区之间资源利用模式相近，但地区之间的生均支出水平差异很大，特别是农村与城市之间、沿海省份与其它地区之间的支出差异非常明显。虽然非民族地区的支出水平高于民族地区，但差距相对较小。本研究计算的生均教育支出的不平等指数一致反映，2000年小学和初中阶段生均支出不均衡程度非常高。塞尔系数分解发现，省内不平等占到总不平等指数的三分之二到四分之三之间，省间不平等占到总不平等指数的四分之一到三分之一。而城乡不平等占省内不平等的比重全国平均为三分之一。城乡之间的巨大差距因地区间差距过大在总不平等中不能凸显。比较1997年和2000年的计算结果发现，总不平等程度在这3年中有所增加但变化并不明显。但是，支出分布上端与下端的相对差距拉大了。本最后探讨了以上研究结果相应政策的含义。
|
| 关 键 词： | 义务教育 生均教育支出 不均等 |
Resource Utilization and Disparities in Compulsory Education in China |
| |
| Mun C. Tsang,Yanqing Ding.Resource Utilization and Disparities in Compulsory Education in China[J].Education & Economy,2005(2):34-40. |
| |
| Authors: | Mun C Tsang Yanqing Ding |
| |
| Institution: | Mun C. Tsang~1 and Yanqing Ding~2 |
| |
| Abstract: | Based on county-level data in 1997 and 2000, this study attempts to document resource utilization and disparities in compulsory education in China. It found that while the pattern of resource utilization was similar across different areas in the country, there were substantial disparities in the level of per-student spending across these areas. The spending gap was particularly substantial between urban and rural areas, and between coastal region and other regions. Although non-minority areas spent more than minority areas, the gap was relatively modest. Five measures of inequality were estimated and they showed a remarkable consistency in demonstrating a large degree of inequality in school spending at both primary and lower-secondary levels nationwide in 2000. Decomposition of the Theil indexes indicated that between two-thirds and three-quarters of financial inequality resided within provinces; urban-rural inequality accounted for about one third of the overall inequality. Huge regional inequality has actually overshadowed the urban-rural differences. Comparison of 1997 and 2000 results showed that nationwide, there was no significant increase in the overall level of inequality in per-student total spending. However, in the same period, the spending gap increased between counties at the top-end and bottom-end of the spending distribution. The implications of these findings for education policy were discussed. |
| |
| Keywords: | compulsory education per student spending inequality |
| 本文献已被 CNKI 维普 万方数据 等数据库收录！ |
