| 教育对产业结构升级的作用机制 |
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| 引用本文： | 吴嘉琦,闵维方.教育对产业结构升级的作用机制[J].教育研究,2022,43(1):23-34. |
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| 作者姓名： | 吴嘉琦 闵维方 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京大学教育学院;教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地北京大学教育经济研究所 北京100871 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家社会科学基金2020年度社科学术社团主题学术活动资助学术研究类项目“教育在全面建设小康社会中的战略作用”(项目编号:20STA018)的研究成果。 |
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| 摘 要： | 促进产业结构不断升级,是我国构建新发展格局的客观要求。因此,探究教育在推动产业结构升级中的作用,对于制定教育和经济可持续发展战略都具有重要意义。基于2005—2019年省级面板数据,本文运用固定效应模型研究教育对产业结构升级的影响程度与作用机制,发现教育不仅能够促进产业结构从第一产业向第二、三产业转型升级,还推动各次产业内部升级。从投入角度看,各级教育生均经费对产业结构升级均具有显著正向影响。对于产业转型升级,高等教育生均经费的影响效应更为明显;对于产业内部升级,中、高等教育生均经费显著驱动了第二产业内部升级,高等教育生均经费还显著推动了第三产业内部升级。从教育产出看,增加人均受教育年限能够促进产业转型升级和第三产业内部升级。从作用机制看,教育通过促进技术进步、提高劳动生产率和升级需求结构推动产业结构升级。因此应加大教育投入力度,着力提升教育水平和质量,形成高质量人力资本,推动产业结构升级,畅通国民经济双循环。
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| 关 键 词： | 教育 人力资本 产业结构升级 产业内部升级 影响机制 |
A Probe into the Impact of Education on Industrial Structure Upgrading |
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| Wu Jiaqi,Min Weifang.A Probe into the Impact of Education on Industrial Structure Upgrading[J].Educational Research,2022,43(1):23-34. |
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| Authors: | Wu Jiaqi Min Weifang |
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| Institution: | (Graduate School of Education,Peking University;Institute of Economics of Education(Key Research Institute in University),Peking University,Beijing 100871) |
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| Abstract: | Promoting industrial structure upgrading is an objective need for China to build a new pattern of development. Hence,a probe into the impact of education on industrial structure upgrading is of great significance to the formulation of the strategies for the sustainable development of education and economy. This study,based on the provincial panel data of China from 2005 to 2019,and the study of the effect of education on industrial structure upgrading by using the fixed effect model,finds the following:Education can promote the transformation of the industrial structure from the primary industry to the secondary industry and the tertiary industry,and the intra-industrial structure upgrading;in terms of investment in education,the educational expenditure per student for education at all levels has a significantly positive effect on industrial structure upgrading;in terms of industrial transformation,the higher education expenditure per student has a more significant effect;in terms of intra-industrial structure upgrading,the secondary or higher education expenditure per student has a significantly positive effect on the intra-structure upgrading of the secondary industry, and the higher education expenditure per student has a significantly positive effect on the intra-structure upgrading of the tertiary industry;in terms of educational output,an increase of the average years of education helps promote the industrial transformation and the intra-structure upgrading of the tertiary industry;and in terms of the effect of education,education upgrades industrial structures by accelerating technological progress,improving labor productivity,and upgrading consumers’ demand structure. Therefore,we need to increase investment in education,improve the quality of education,accumulate high-quality human capital,promote industrial structure upgrading,and smooth the way for the dual circulation of national economy. |
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| Keywords: | education human capital industrial structure upgrading intra-industrial structure upgrading mechanism |
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