| 基于生命周期的农村生活污水处理的成本有效性研究——以浙江省白石镇为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘平养,沈哲.基于生命周期的农村生活污水处理的成本有效性研究——以浙江省白石镇为例[J].资源科学,2014,36(12):2604-2610. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘平养 沈哲 |
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| 作者单位： | 复旦大学环境科学与工程系, 上海200433;复旦大学环境科学与工程系, 上海200433 |
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| 基金项目： | 上海市哲学社会科学规划课题(编号:2011JG002-EZH750);国家自然科学基金项目(编号:41201589). |
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| 摘 要： | 我国农村生活污水处理率低、推进缓慢且成本较高,主要原因之一是快速城市化背景下,农村人口的大规模、快速迁移,使农村生活污水处理的当前有效性和长期有效性、单个环节的有效性与生命周期的有效性存在严重的脱节。本文在实地典型案例调查的基础上,构建了农村生活污水处理的生命周期成本分析框架,研究快速城市化背景下,农村生活污水处理的成本有效性在3种发展情景下的变化情况。结果发现,在人口快速导入和农村空心化的情景下,现有工程的实际可使用年限大幅度缩短,推动不同情景生命周期吨水处理成本上升达8.80元和3.11元,远高于人口稳定情景下(近似于规划设计成本)的1.14~1.30元。因此,需要密切结合区域的长短期发展规划,以生命周期吨水处理成本最小化为导向,优化农村生活污水处理的决策机制。
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| 关 键 词： | 快速城市化 农村生活污水处理 生命周期成本分析 成本有效性 浙江省乐清市白石镇 |
Cost Effectiveness of Rural Wastewater Treatment Based on Lifecycle Cost Analysis |
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| LIU Pingyang and SHEN Zhe.Cost Effectiveness of Rural Wastewater Treatment Based on Lifecycle Cost Analysis[J].Resources Science,2014,36(12):2604-2610. |
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| Authors: | LIU Pingyang and SHEN Zhe |
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| Institution: | Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China;Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China |
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| Abstract: | Rural wastewater treatment rates are low in China despite much effort to improve uptake. One of the main reasons is that the rural population has been under large scale and rapid migration and has led to a disparity in both short term cost effectiveness and long term cost effectiveness,and single part cost effectiveness from overall cost effectiveness. Based on a typical case study,here we structured a lifecycle cost analysis framework and three scenarios of rural development in the context of rapid urbanization to analyze the change in cost effectiveness of rural wastewater treatment. We found that the lifecycles of current treatment projects under scenarios of rapid rural in-flowing and rural hollowing-out are much shorter than under a scenario of rural stability,which at most drops down from 50 years to 5 years. The lifecycle costs of the first two soar to 8.80 CNY and 3.11 CNY,respectively,and are much higher than 1.14 CNY, which is similar to the cost of planning and only occurs under the scenario of rural being-stable. Rural wastewater treatment projects should be closely integrated with short and long term regional development plans. Decision-making should be guided by the minimization of lifecycle costs instead of short term costs or single part costs,in order to optimize public input and advance the development of rural wastewater treatment in China. |
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| Keywords: | rapid urbanization rural wastewater treatment lifecycle cost analysis costeffectiveness Baishi |
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