| 我国高原马铃薯种薯产业发展与精准扶贫 |
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| 引用本文： | 仲乃琴,蔡冬清,赵盼.我国高原马铃薯种薯产业发展与精准扶贫[J].中国科学院院刊,2020,35(10):1308-1313. |
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| 作者姓名： | 仲乃琴 蔡冬清 赵盼 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院微生物研究所 北京 100101;东华大学 环境科学与工程学院 上海 201620 |
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| 摘 要： | 马铃薯是我国云贵高原和黄土高原贫困山区的主要农作物和重要支柱产业。目前，这两大区域的马铃薯生产存在病虫害高发难防、化肥高施低效、种薯繁育体系不完善、市场范围狭窄等关键共性问题，严重制约当地马铃薯产业可持续发展。文章以云南昭通、甘肃定西等地为例，从生态特点、区位优势及精准扶贫需求等方面分析了云贵高原、黄土高原两大贫困区域发展高值种薯产业的优势和必要性，提出推广抗病品种、引进绿色高效施肥和病虫害防控技术、完善专业化和规模化种薯繁育基地、拓展种薯市场是落实高原地区马铃薯产业扶贫的有效措施。
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| 关 键 词： | 高原马铃薯 优质种薯 精准扶贫 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020/10/3 0:00:00 |
Development of Potato Seed Industry and Targeted Poverty Alleviation in Plateau of China |
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| ZHONG Naiqin,CAI Dongqing,ZHAO Pan.Development of Potato Seed Industry and Targeted Poverty Alleviation in Plateau of China[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,2020,35(10):1308-1313. |
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| Authors: | ZHONG Naiqin CAI Dongqing ZHAO Pan |
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| Institution: | Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China |
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| Abstract: | Potato is the main crop and important pillar industry in poor mountainous areas of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and the Loess Plateau in China. At present, there are several key common problems in potato production in these two regions, such as high incidence of diseases and insect pests, high chemical fertilizer usage but low utilization efficiency, imperfect seed potato breeding system and narrow market, which seriously restrict the sustainable development of potato industry. Taking Zhaotong of Yunnan Province and Dingxi of Gansu Province as examples, this study analyzes the advantages and necessity of developing seed potato industry in plateau poverty-stricken areas from the perspectives of ecological characteristics, location advantages and targeted poverty alleviation. It is proposed that the promotion of disease-resistant varieties, the introduction of green and efficient fertilizer application and pest control technologies, the establishment of specialized seed potato breeding technology system and large-scale base, as well as the expansion of seed potato market are effective measures for implementing poverty alleviation in the plateau regions. |
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| Keywords: | plateau potato high quality potato seed targeted poverty alleviation |
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