| 人工细胞的表型测试与分选:构建从光谱学到遗传学的桥梁 |
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| 引用本文： | 马波,徐健.人工细胞的表型测试与分选:构建从光谱学到遗传学的桥梁[J].中国科学院院刊,2018,33(11):1193-1204. |
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| 作者姓名： | 马波 徐健 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 单细胞中心 青岛 266101,中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 单细胞中心 青岛 266101 |
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| 摘 要： | 近年来,基因组测序、编辑与合成技术日新月异,推动了基因型"设计"和"合成"能力的突飞猛进,同时也使人工细胞的表型检测成为合成生物学发展的瓶颈环节之一。对于细胞功能的快速测试与评价,单细胞分析技术具有重要意义与前景,但理想的解决方案需要具备活体无损、非标记式、提供全景式表型、能分辨复杂功能、快速高通量且低成本、能与组学分析联动等特征。以此为出发点,文章重点介绍了基于非标记式分子光谱学的单细胞功能表征、分选与组学技术体系的进展,并讨论了该领域的关键问题与发展方向。多种光谱技术之间扬长避短的运用与多模态成像,结合高通量的光谱激活细胞分选技术及下游单细胞组学技术,正构建与拓展着一条连接光谱学与遗传学的广阔桥梁。这一桥梁不仅为细胞工厂的高通量、全景式表型检测与筛选提供全新的解决方案,还将推动"单细胞精度的光谱表型组-功能基因组"作为一种新的生物大数据类型,服务于"数据科学"驱动下的合成生物技术。
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| 关 键 词： | 合成生物学 表型测试 分子光谱 光谱激活细胞分选 单细胞表型组 单细胞功能基因组 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/10/29 0:00:00 |
Phenotyping and Sorting of Synthetic Cells: Building Bridge from Spectroscopy to Genetics |
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| MA Bo and XU Jian.Phenotyping and Sorting of Synthetic Cells: Building Bridge from Spectroscopy to Genetics[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,2018,33(11):1193-1204. |
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| Authors: | MA Bo and XU Jian |
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| Institution: | Single-cell Center, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China and Single-cell Center, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China |
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| Abstract: | In synthetic biology, the dazzling methodological innovations in sequencing, editing and synthesis of genomes have resulted in an unprecedented capability in "design and manufacturing of genotype". On the other hand, "testing of cellular phenotype and function" has increasingly become one major bottleneck. Single-cell technologies have tremendous implications and potentials in rapid testing of cellular function. However, ideally, such single-cell methods should allow non-invasive live-cell probing, be label-free, provide landscapelike phenotyping capability, distinguish complex functions, operate with high speed, sufficient throughput and low-cost, and finally, be able to couple with downstream omics analysis via cell sorting. In this perspective article, we focus on recent progress in label-free molecular spectroscopy-activated phenotyping, sorting and sequencing of single-cells, and discuss the key challenges and emerging trends of the area. We propose that alliance among the array of non-invasive spectroscopy methods or modes, when coupled with downstream high-throughput cell sorting and omics profiling, will establish and broaden a bridge that connects spectroscopy and genetics, in science, technologies, and communities. This bridge will lead to novel and creative solutions to high-throughput, landscape-like testing and screening of synthetic cells. Moreover, it will fulfill the promise of spectroscopy-enabled single-cell "phenome-genome" as a new type of biological big-data, and accelerate the pace of "data-driven" synthetic biology. |
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| Keywords: | synthetic biology phenotype test molecular spectroscopy cell sorting single-cell phenome single-cell functional genomics |
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