| 新中国70年高等教育层次结构变革的回顾与反思 |
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| 引用本文： | 祁占勇,杜 越.新中国70年高等教育层次结构变革的回顾与反思[J].复旦教育论坛,2020,18(3):74-82. |
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| 作者姓名： | 祁占勇 杜 越 |
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| 作者单位： | 陕西师范大学 教育学院 |
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| 基金项目： | 全国教育科学“十三五”规划国家一般课题“教育供给侧改革的基本理论问题与制度保障研究”（BAA170014） |
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| 摘 要： | 高等教育层次结构是不同程度和要求的高等教育的相互关系和构成状态。新中国成立70年来,我国高等教育层次结构变革经历了以本科教育为主的“橄榄球型”结构、高等教育层次愈发失衡、以两端为重点的高等教育层次结构恢复与升级、层层递进的“金字塔型”结构、高等教育层次内涵式发展的演进阶段。面向未来,高等教育层次结构的变革应着眼于质量提升、层次衔接、结构优化的目的,从构建成熟的“谷仓型”结构、创新各层次办学模式、建设“双一流”重点高校和培养应用型人才等方面入手,不断优化高等教育层次结构。
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| 关 键 词： | 新中国70年 高等教育 层次结构 |
Review and Reflection on the Reform of Hierarchical Structure of Chinese Higher Education System in the Past 70 Years |
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| QI Zhanyong,DU Yue.Review and Reflection on the Reform of Hierarchical Structure of Chinese Higher Education System in the Past 70 Years[J].Fudan Education Forum,2020,18(3):74-82. |
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| Authors: | QI Zhanyong DU Yue |
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| Abstract: | The hierarchical structure of higher education is the relationship and constitution of higher education with different degrees and requirements. In the past 70 years, the hierarchical structure of higher education in China has gone through the following stages: "rugby-shaped" structure with emphasis on undergraduate education, imbalanced stage, recovery and upgrading stage with emphasis on both ends of the higher education hierarchy, progressive transformation stage with "pyramid-shaped" structure, and connotative development stage. In the future, the reform of hierarchical structure of Chinese higher education system should focus on quality improvement, level convergence and structural optimization. To optimize the hierarchical structure of higher education, we should start from the construction of a mature "barn-shaped" structure, the innovation of school-running mode at all levels, the construction of "double first-class" key universities and the training of application-oriented talents. |
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| Keywords: | 70 Years since the Founding of the People''s Republic of China Higher Education Hierarchical Structure |
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