First Graders' Interpersonal Understanding During Cooperative and Competitive Games |
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| Authors: | Betty Zan Carolyn Hildebrandt |
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| Institution: |
a Department of Curriculum & Instruction—University of Northern Iowa.
b Department of Psychology—University of Northern Iowa. |
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| Abstract: | Differences in children's social interactions during cooperative and competitive games were investigated. Thirty-seven children from two first grade classes with cooperative classroom climates were videotaped while playing a cooperative and a competitive board game. Children's social interactions were coded using Selman's Levels of Enacted Interpersonal Understanding. Small but significant differences were found between game conditions, with more higher-level negotiation strategies and shared experiences occurring during the cooperative games. No differences were found in lower-level strategies. The benefits of using both competitive and cooperative games in early childhood classrooms are discussed. |
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