| 基于专利文献挖掘的关键共性技术识别研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈伟,林超然,孔令凯,李传云,杨早立.基于专利文献挖掘的关键共性技术识别研究[J].情报理论与实践,2020,43(2):92-99. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈伟 林超然 孔令凯 李传云 杨早立 |
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| 作者单位： | 哈尔滨工程大学经济管理学院,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150001;北京工业大学经济管理学院,北京100124 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目“多源异构信息交互作用下知识产权战略目标偏差的诊断与机理研究”(项目编号:71704007);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目“船舶动力及传动系统关键技术创新知识产权管理研究”(项目编号:LH2019G003);哈尔滨工程大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目“舰船动力领域技术创新与知识产权战略管理研究”(项目编号:HEUCFW170906);黑龙江省哲学社会科学研究规划项目“科技创新商业化的影响因素、路径和政策研究”(项目编号:18GLB022)的成果 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的/意义]科学准确识别关键共性技术对企业和国家来说都是至关重要的战略议题。方法/过程]文章提出了一种基于专利文献分析的关键共性技术识别框架,运用文本挖掘和技术演化分析方法,获取特定领域的关键共性技术。首先,使用Viterbi算法识别专利文献中的专业术语,通过LDA算法捕捉专利文献中的技术主题聚类;其次,通过将技术主题的共类特征数值化,作为共性程度的度量;随后,将技术主题节点在技术演化转移网络中的关键程度作为技术关键性的表征,并使用PageRank算法衡量技术主题的关键性。最后,以机器人及数控机床技术为例,验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。结果/结论]该方法可实现高效、准确的关键共性技术识别,为国家制定创新扶持政策提供支撑。局限]研究仍需扩大科技文献的收集范围,以实现更全面的关键共性技术识别。
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| 关 键 词： | 专利文献 关键共性技术 文本挖掘 技术演化分析 主题模型 |
Research on Key Generic Technology Identification Based on Text Mining of Patent Document |
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| Abstract: | Purpose/significance]Identifying key generic technologies is a strategic issue that is critical for both companies and countries.Method/process]This paper presents a research framework for the identification of key generic technologies based on patent mining and technological evolutionary analysis.First,the Viterbi and LDA are used to identify the terminology and capture the cluster of the technical topics in the patent literature;second,the generic features of technical topics are digitize and mapped to a specially selected quadratic function as a measure of the degree of generalization;third,the criticality of technology topics in the technology evolution transfer network is taken as the key feature,and the PageRank algorithm is used to measure the keyness of various technologies;finally,taking the robot and CNC machine tool technologies as an example,the feasibility and effectiveness of the method are verified.Result/conclusion]This method can achieve efficient and accurate identification of key generic technologies and provide support for the country to formulate innovative support policies.Limitations]Research still needs to increase the sources of scientific literature to achieve a more comprehensive identification of key generic technologies. |
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| Keywords: | patent document key generic technology text mining technology evolution analysis topic model |
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