| 孔子和苏格拉底启发式教学法的异同 |
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| 引用本文： | 施祖毅.孔子和苏格拉底启发式教学法的异同[J].衡水学院学报,2013,15(2):106-109. |
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| 作者姓名： | 施祖毅 |
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| 作者单位： | 西南大学 教育学部,重庆北碚,400715 |
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| 摘 要： | 孔子和苏格拉底是东西方启发式教学法的开创者，对东西方的教学法产生了深远的影响。他们都采用问答式的教学方法，主张有教无类，强调思维训练。但二者由于文化背景、哲学信仰等的不同，二者还是存在一些差别：孔子主张学生为主体，苏格拉底主张教师为主体；在教学组织形式上孔子的形式多种多样且与实际紧密结合，而苏格拉底的教学组织形式单一；孔子培养出来的学生思维能力较高，人才类型多样，既有从事工商的人才也有从事政治的官吏等，苏格啦底单一的教学方法培养出来的人才类型单一。追溯启发式教学法的源头，对改进当今教学方法具有很强的启示意义。
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| 关 键 词： | 孔子 苏格拉底 启发式教学法 学生主体 思维训练 实践能力 |
The Similarities and Differences of Confucius' and Socrates' Heuristic Teaching Methods |
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| SHI Zu-yi.The Similarities and Differences of Confucius' and Socrates' Heuristic Teaching Methods[J].Journal of Hengshui University,2013,15(2):106-109. |
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| Authors: | SHI Zu-yi |
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| Institution: | SHI Zu-yi (Faculty of Education, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China) |
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| Abstract: | Confucius and Socrates, the pathfinders of heuristic teaching methods, have a prolOund mtiuence on oom me eastern and western teaching methods. Both of them adopted the question-and-answer method, advocating the idea of ＂no social distinction in teaching＂ and emphasizing the training of thinking. But due to their differences in cultural backgrounds and philosophical beliefs, there are some differences： Confucius held that the subject of the teaching was the student, while Socrates, the teacher; Confucius organized the teaching in various ways and closely combined the teaching with reality, while Socrates, organized in a single way; the students fostered by Confucius had higher thinking abilities and were different types of talents, some of whom were business talents and others, political officials, etc. while the students fostered by Socrates belonged to a single type of talents. Reviewing the sources of heuristic teaching methods is of great enlightenment to today＇s teaching method. |
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| Keywords: | Confucius Socrates heuristic teaching methods the student as the subject thinking training practical ability |
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