| 基于典型调查的精准扶贫政策创新及建议 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨园园,刘彦随,张紫雯.基于典型调查的精准扶贫政策创新及建议[J].中国科学院院刊,2016,31(3):337-345. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨园园 刘彦随 张紫雯 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京师范大学资源学院 北京 100875;中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101,北京师范大学资源学院 北京 100875;中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101,中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101;中国科学院大学 北京 100049 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家社会科学基金重大项目(15ZDA021) |
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| 摘 要： | 文章基于国务院"实施精准扶贫、精准脱贫"政策措施落实情况第三方评估项目调查,归纳出目前精准扶贫、精准脱贫政策实施过程中的问题及难题,深入探讨未来五年我国全面脱贫的政策创新与对策建议,为"十三五"期间更好地推进精准扶贫工作提供指导,为实现精准脱贫和全面建设小康社会目标提供理论参考。典型调查发现:目前以收入作为贫困户唯一识别标准具有一定的局限性,13.1%的受访农户认为建档立卡工作中漏掉了部分真正需要帮助的贫困户;贫困村脱贫与返贫现象同时存在,缺乏对脱贫人口的动态跟踪与精准管理;扶贫资金满足不了地方需求,用途分散,约束多;基层扶贫机构不健全;贫困地区基础设施和公共服务建设不够完善。针对目前存在的问题提出了政策建议:(1)加快建立健全贫困识别和动态监测体系,因地制宜地推进精准扶贫;(2)加大资金整合力度,将审批权限下放,责权到县;(3)加强基层扶贫队伍建设,引入扶贫专职公务员;(4)关注贫困个体、贫困区域的协同发展,未来扶贫时序应突出"一前一后";(5)发挥地方优势,突出产业扶贫和解决劳务输出;(6)试点先行,探索我国可持续精准扶贫之路。
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| 关 键 词： | 精准扶贫 农村发展 典型调查 政策创新 对策建议 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016/2/12 0:00:00 |
Study on Policy Innovation and Suggestions of Targeted Poverty Alleviation Based on Typical Investigation |
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| Yang Yuanyuan,Liu Yansui and Zhang Ziwen.Study on Policy Innovation and Suggestions of Targeted Poverty Alleviation Based on Typical Investigation[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,2016,31(3):337-345. |
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| Authors: | Yang Yuanyuan Liu Yansui and Zhang Ziwen |
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| Institution: | College of Resources Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China,College of Resources Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China and Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China |
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| Abstract: | Targeted poverty alleviation policy has become the core of China''s new stage of poverty alleviation and development.Ensuring the remaining rural poor move out of poverty by 2020 under the current standard and solving the regional overall poverty is the most arduous task to build a well-off society during China''s 13th Five-Year Plan period.Based on the third-party evaluation of State Council "Implementation of Taking Targeted Measures in Poverty Alleviation", this paper tries to summarize the problems and challenges in implementing the targeted poverty alleviation strategy, and to deeply explore the policy innovation and countermeasures for China''s successful poverty alleviation in the next five years.The research results are expected to provide guidance for better promoting targeted poverty alleviation strategy during the 13th Five-Year Plan period and to offer theoretical reference for achieving the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way.This typical investigation found that identified poor families relying only on per-capita net income was difficult to fully reveal the essential causes of poverty, and 13.1% of respondents considered some real poor families that need to be helped were left out during establishing card for archives.Besides, shaking off poverty and returning to poverty in the rural areas exist at the same time, and there is lack of the dynamic tracking of poverty population back into poverty again.Funding for poverty alleviation is insufficient and dispersedly utilized.The grassroots anti-poverty agencies are imperfect and the infrastructure and public service construction also need to be improved in the poverty-stricken areas.In this context, we proposed our suggestions aiming at the above problems:expediting the establishment of sound poverty identification and dynamic monitoring system;decentralizing the authority for the examination and approval of funding for poverty alleviation to the counties;introducing the full-time civil servants in poverty alleviation and strengthening the construction of grassroots anti-poverty agencies;focusing on the coordinated development of poor individuals and poor regions;outstanding the poverty reduction through industrial development;and exploring "Pilot First" implementation strategy for the sustainable poverty alleviation. |
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| Keywords: | targeted poverty alleviation policy rural development typical investigation policy innovation suggestions |
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