| 分布式太阳能热发电技术与产业发展分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 王志峰,原郭丰.分布式太阳能热发电技术与产业发展分析[J].中国科学院院刊,2016,31(2):182-190. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王志峰 原郭丰 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院电工研究所 北京 100190;中国科学院太阳能热利用与光伏系统重点实验室 北京 100190,中国科学院电工研究所 北京 100190;中国科学院太阳能热利用与光伏系统重点实验室 北京 100190 |
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| 基金项目： | 中科院学部咨询项目"大力发展分布式可再生能源应用和智能微网",国家自然科学基金(51476164),广东省引进创新创业团队计划(2013N070) |
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| 摘 要： | 太阳能热发电是一种电力输出功率在时段上可控的可再生能源发电技术,是未来大比例可再生能源体系中重要的基础电源和调峰电源。接近于用户侧、结合储能、多能互补和能源梯级利用的分布式太阳能热发电技术,可以大幅提高太阳能热发电系统综合利用效率,并为区域性用户提供安全稳定的电-热-冷联供等综合能源解决方案。文章简要阐述了太阳能热发电的技术特点与现状,探讨了未来我国太阳能热发电技术与产业化发展方向,介绍了太阳能热发电面临的问题与挑战。最后,对太阳能热发电发展战略提出了几点建议。
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| 关 键 词： | 太阳能热发电 分布式 发展潜力 重点技术 政策建议 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016/1/22 0:00:00 |
Analysis of Distributed Concentrating Solar Power Technology and Industry Development |
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| Wang Zhifeng and Yuan Guofeng.Analysis of Distributed Concentrating Solar Power Technology and Industry Development[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,2016,31(2):182-190. |
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| Authors: | Wang Zhifeng and Yuan Guofeng |
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| Institution: | Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;CAS Key Laboratory of Solar Thermal Energy and Photovoltaic System, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China and Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;CAS Key Laboratory of Solar Thermal Energy and Photovoltaic System, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China |
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| Abstract: | Concentrating solar power(CSP) technology is one of the major technologies for converting solar energy to electricity. As an output controllable energy supply system, it will take the base-load and peak load of large scale renewable energy system in the future. The global total CSP installation reached 4 GW at the end of 2014, and most of the CSP stations have been concentrated in Spain and the United States. New CSP components and systems are coming to commercial maturity. New markets are emerging on most continents where the sun is strong and sky is clear enough, including China, India, the Middle East, North Africa, and South Africa. The International Energy Agency(IEA) roadmap research result shows that the percentage of solar thermal electricity(STE) production in global electricity is to reach 11% by 2050. The main factors affecting solar thermal power development include solar direct normal irradiance(DNI), topography, water resource, and local grid infrastructure, etc. The macroscopic site selection of CSP station in China has been calculated based on the GIS platform, and the results show that the exploration reserves of CSP is more than 1400 GW. China has more than 40 years'' research experience in CSP technology. There are more than 500 enterprises engaged in the field of solar thermal power related research and manufacturing, and several experimental CSP demonstration stations and high temperature solar systems which were constructed and operated in the past decade. But there are still no large scale commercial CSP stations, because of the lack of feed-in tariff. The distributed CSP technology is employed close to the user side, combining thermal storage, multi-energy mix, and cascade use of electrical-thermal-cold energy. It will promote the wider application of large ratio distributed electrical-thermal-cold renewable energy system which is secure and stable. This technology can improve the integrated energy efficiency of the CSP system and reduce costs. There are still several mainly technology R & D which is needed in the future to promote Distributed CSP development. Firstly, high-parameter and high efficiency CSP technologies should be developed to reduce the STE costs, based on the material, equipment, and systems technology innovation. Secondly, low cost, high temperature, and large scale thermal storage material and thermal storage system should be developed to smooth electricity production considerably and increase the annual service hours, which will help promote the CSP as the base-load, and solve the peak and regulated load problem in the large ratio renewable energy distributed electric system. Thirdly, integrated distributed energy systems is expected to be developed based on the CSP cascade energy utilization technology, which will improve the CSP system comprehensive energy utilization efficiency and enhance the technology competitiveness, and provide the regional cooling, heating, and power solutions. Finally, energy generation and consumption management strategy technology is expected to be developed based on the medium and short-term solar energy forecast technology, the district energy consumption regular analysis and forecast technology, and intelligent energy consumption equipment technology innovations, which will improve the operation efficiency of distributed CSP system and the security of distributed energy system. Some suggestions on the development strategy of CSP are put forward at the end, which include strengthening research, development, and demonstration(RD & D) efforts to further reduce costs, setting the long-term targets and STE feed-in tariff making finance and taxation incentive policy, and building industry standards, certification and public service system, so as to drive the investments and CSP industry development. |
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| Keywords: | concentrating solar power(CSP) distributed development potentiality technology orientation policy measures |
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