| Abstract: | Traditional formative evaluation methods and tools have a documented history of successful use. Expert, one-to-one, small group, and field-test methods have been used for decades. However, changes in design practice, technology, and lately, in theory, have resulted in alternative evaluation methods that are not as well-known in current design literature. These methods can be used to complement or replace traditional evaluation methods in a formative evaluation project. Some of these alternative methods use different groupings of experts or learners, while others use different evaluation questions or technologies. This article explains each of these formative evaluation alternatives and outlines their advantages, disadvantages, and applicable contexts. |
