Polydipsia and autoshaping: Drinking and leverpressing as substitutes for eating |
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| Authors: | James Allison Roy Mack |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Psychology, Indiana University, 47405, Bloomington, Indiana
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| Abstract: | Three experiments delivered food at fixed or random intervals independently of the rat’s behavior, always less than the amount eaten with food freely available. The results revealed a Polydipsie response to this experimental suppression of eating, and total drinking decreased as total eating increased. When we added a lever that signaled each food delivery, leverpressing and drinking rose far above their baseline levels; both responses decreased as total eating increased. When a similar schedule presented lever and food independently, rats still became Polydipsie, but showed no sign of autoshaped leverpressing. A fourth experiment revealed a hypophagic response to schedules that suppressed drinking; total eating increased with total drinking. As mutual substitutes in the economic sense, one behavior falls as the other rises; as mutual complements in the economic sense, the two behaviors rise or fall together. We discuss polydipsia and autoshaping in terms of drinking as an intrinsic substitute for eating, and leverpressing as a learned substitute for eating. The results suggest a revision of conservation theory, which views drinking and eating as substitutes when the schedule suppresses eating but as complements when the schedule suppresses drinking. |
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