| 《论语》与孔子学说 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈桐生.《论语》与孔子学说[J].铜仁学院学报,2014(2):3-10. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈桐生 |
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| 作者单位： | 广东外语外贸大学中国语言文化学院,广东广州510420 |
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| 摘 要： | 《论语》是研究孔子的重要文献，但不是研究孔子的唯一文献依据。孔子本人首先是一个礼学家，然后才是一个道德教育家，他的道德教育是为重建礼制秩序服务的。孔子毕生为之奋斗的目标是重建“君君，臣臣，父父，子子”的政治伦理秩序，为此他开门授徒，对弟子讲述礼仪，阐述礼义，最终形成了以重建礼制秩序为核心内容、以礼乐刑政为施政纲领、以心性道德修养为立国基础、以畏天命远鬼神敬亡亲为宗教态度、以“中”“和”为思想方法、以优先发展教育为治国要务、以文献古籍为制礼依据的一套完整的礼学治国思想体系。现存的孔子研究文献主要有《论语》《礼记》《大戴礼记》《孝经》《仪礼》以及上博简中的七十子作品等等，这些都可以视为礼学文献，其中《仪礼》和大小戴《礼记》中那些记载礼仪的篇章居于主干地位，而《论语》《孝经》、大小戴《礼记》中讲述礼义的文献以及近年出土的孔子师徒文献都是礼学传记。从这个角度来看，《论语》只是孔子礼学的重要传记。《论语》所记载的主要是孔子的伦理道德思想，仅凭一部《论语》来研究孔子是远远不够的。
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| 关 键 词： | 《论语》 孔子 传记 |
The Analects of Confucius and the Doctrine of Confucius |
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| CHEN Tong-sheng.The Analects of Confucius and the Doctrine of Confucius[J].Journal of Tongren University,2014(2):3-10. |
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| Authors: | CHEN Tong-sheng |
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| Institution: | CHEN Tong-sheng ( School of Chinese Language and Culture, Guangdong University of＇-Foreign Studies, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510420, China ) |
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| Abstract: | The Analects of Confucius is an important literature in the study of Confucius but it is not the only literature for this purpose. Confucius himself is firstly a ritual theorist and secondly a moral educator. His moral education serves the rebuilding of ritual order. Confucius struggled for his whole life to rebuild a political-ethic system with a monarch acting properly as a monarch, subjects acting properly as subjects, a father acting properly as a father and a son acting properly as a son. Therefore, he opened his door, welcoming in students and training them, explaining rites and elaborating their meanings for those students. Finally he formed a systematic ideology of ritual administration of a country, with a rebuilding of ritual order as its essential element, with a combination of rite, music, punishment and management as its political principle, with a spiritual moral as its foundation of state, with a fear of destiny, an indifference of ghost and a worship of deceased ancestors as its religious attitude, with a mean and harmony as a thinking method, with a preference to education as its important affair of state administration, with literature and classics as its basis for ritual administration. Extant literatures for the study of Confucius mainly consist of The Analects of Confucius, The Book of Rites, The Book of Rites by Dai De, The book of Filial Piety, The Etiquette, and some others. Among which The Etiquette, The Book of Rites by Dai De are more important than others because they contain parts dealing with rites, while The Analects of Confucius and The book of Filial Piety are biography of ritual study. From this perspective, The Analects of Confucius is only a significant biography of the ritual of Confucius. The Analects of Confucius records much more about the ethics and morality of Confucius, therefore it is not enough to study Confucius only through The Analects of Confucius. |
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| Keywords: | The Analects of Confucius Confucius biography |
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