Violent crime against children with disabilities: A nationwide prospective birth cohort-study |
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| Institution: | 1. The Ohio State University College of Medicine, 370 West 9th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;2. Center for Pediatric Trauma Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, 700 Children’s Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, USA;3. Center for Injury Research and Policy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, 700 Children’s Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, USA;4. The Center for Family Safety and Healing, Nationwide Children''s Hospital, 700 Children’s Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, USA;5. Trauma Program, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, 700 Children’s Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, USA;1. Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;2. School of Public Health and Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, SA, Australia;1. Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, VU University Amsterdam, the Netherlands;2. Department of Innovation and Research, Children’s and Youth Trauma Center, KJTC Kenter Youth Care, Haarlem, the Netherlands;3. Department of Epidemiology, Health Promotion, and Healthcare Innovations, Public Health Service, Amsterdam, the Netherlands;4. Hogrefe Publishers, Scientific Publisher for Psychology, Psychiatry, and Mental Health, Amsterdam, the Netherlands;1. Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States;2. Department of Psychiatry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States;3. Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School/Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States;4. Fenway Health, The Fenway Institute, Boston, MA, United States |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundThe rate of violent victimization against children with disabilities is thought to be lower than the rate for children without disabilities but several studies shows otherwise.ObjectiveThe study focuses on examining violent crime against children with disabilities and explaining differences in victimization, in order to elucidate to what extent types of disability, family disadvantages, gender, high-risk behavior, location and indicator of ethnic minority (e.g. non-Danish citizens) influence adolescents’ risk of violent victimization. Previous population studies in this area lack scientifically sound research methodology and results are weak or inconclusive.MethodData is based on a national study of reported violent crime against children in Denmark aged between 7 and 18 years, using total birth cohorts (N = 678,000). Data on types of disability were collected from the Danish national inpatient register. Violent-crime data were extracted from Danish police records. Within the birth cohorts studied, 3.5% of children had experienced a violent crime. A discrete-time Cox model was used for the statistical analysis, which included an extended list of potential risk factors to adjust for confounding.ResultsChildren with disabilities are more likely to be victims of a reported violent crime than non-disabled children – ADHD odds ratio: 2.7 (2.6–2.8), mental retardation: 2.7 (2.6–2.7), autism 2.6 (2.5–2.7), loss of hearing 1.4 (1.2–1.5), brain injury: 1.8 (1.7–1.9), physical disabilities 1.4 (1.2–1.5), and blindness 2.0 (1.4–2.8). Speech disability, epilepsy, stuttering, and dyslexia were not associated with increased risk of violent victimization, when adjusted for confounding risk factors and age.ConclusionsThe results of our study provide empirical insight into the first-time prevalence of victimization among children with disability, and into the predicative association between family disadvantages and victimization. |
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| Keywords: | Disabilities Violence Child maltreatment |
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