| 肢体间不对称对运动表现的影响及干预手段 |
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| 引用本文： | 李丹阳,程序,阙怡琳,倪丽丽.肢体间不对称对运动表现的影响及干预手段[J].武汉体育学院学报,2021,55(8):94-100. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李丹阳 程序 阙怡琳 倪丽丽 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 武汉体育学院 运动训练学院, 湖北 武汉 430079;2. 武汉体育学院 体能中心, 湖北 武汉 430079;3. 北京体育大学 体能训练学院, 北京 100084;4. 武汉体育学院 研究生院, 湖北 武汉 430079 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划"科技冬奥"重点专项（2018YFF0300900）。 |
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| 摘 要： | 肢体间不对称是当前国际体能训练研究领域的热点问题。梳理国际权威研究成果，厘清肢体间不对称的概念和内涵，探究肢体间不对称与运动表现的关系、肢体不对称的评估方式、肢体间不对称的干预方法。主要结论：第一，肢体间不对称主要是指身体左右两侧肢体结构、动作模式、运动能力和运动技能的差异；第二，肢体间不对称直接影响爆发力输出、多向速度、离心-向心能力、平衡能力，潜在影响运动经济性、动作模式及专项运动技能的发挥；第三，肢体间不对称的干预方式为力量和爆发力训练（双侧和单侧）、快速伸缩复合训练、核心区训练、平衡能力训练等。建议在训练实践中应将肢体不对称与基础力量、爆发力等测评结合起来，以优化精英运动员的评估体系；应对运动员的肢体间不对称进行持续的动态监控，探索肢体间不对称与多种运动能力、神经肌肉疲劳等多种能力的交互影响，为调控训练计划提供指南。
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| 关 键 词： | 肢体间不对称 单侧训练 双侧训练 体能训练 运动表现 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-03-04 |
Effects of Inter-limb Asymmetry on Motor Performance and Intervention Methods |
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| LI Danyang,CHENG Xu,QUE Yilin,et al.Effects of Inter-limb Asymmetry on Motor Performance and Intervention Methods[J].Journal of Wuhan Institute of Physical Education,2021,55(8):94-100. |
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| Authors: | LI Danyang CHENG Xu QUE Yilin |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Sports Training, Wuhan Sports Univ., Wuhan 430079, China;2. Strength and Conditioning Center, Wuhan Sports Univ., Wuhan 430079, China;3. School of Strength and Conditioning Training, Beijing Sport Univ., Beijing 100084, China |
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| Abstract: | Inter-limb asymmetry is a hot issue in the field of international sports training. By reviewing the international authoritative research results, the concept and connotation of inter-limb asymmetry were clarified, and the relationship between inter-limb asymmetry and athletic performance, assessment methods of inter-limb asymmetry, and intervention methods of inter-limb asymmetry were explored. The main conclusions showed that inter-limb asymmetry mainly referred to the differences in structure, movement pattern, motor ability and motor skills between the left and right sides of the body. The inter-limb asymmetry directly affected the power output, multi-directional speed, concentric-eccentric ability and balance ability, as well as potentially affects the exercise economy, movement pattern and specific motor skill performance. The intervention methods of the inter-limb asymmetry were:strength and power training(bilateral and unilateral), plyometric training, core training, balance ability training, etc. In the future, the assessment of body asymmetry should be combined with the evaluation of basic strength and explosive force in training practice to optimize the evaluation system of elite athletes. The continuous dynamic monitoring of the inter-limb asymmetry should be carried out to explore the interactive effects of inter-limb asymmetry and various abilities such as various motor abilities and neuromuscular fatigue so as to provide guidance for sports training regulation. |
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| Keywords: | inter-limb asymmetry unilateral training bilateral training strength and conditioning sports performance |
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