Antioxidants in aqueous extract of Myristica fragrans (Houtt.) suppress mitosis and cyclophosphamide-induced chromosomal aberrations in Allium cepa L. cells |
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| Authors: | Akinboro Akeem Mohamed Kamaruzaman Bin Asmawi Mohd Zaini Sulaiman Shaida Fariza Sofiman Othman Ahmad |
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| Institution: | 1.School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia;2.School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia |
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| Abstract: | In this study, freeze-dried water extract from the leaves of Myristica fragrans (Houtt.) was tested for mutagenic and antimutagenic potentials using the Allium cepa assay. Freeze-dried water extract alone and its combination with cyclophosphamide (CP) (50 mg/kg) were separately dissolved
in tap water at 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 mg/kg. Onions (A. cepa) were suspended in the solutions and controls for 48 h in the dark. Root tips were prepared for microscopic evaluation. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl
(DPPH) free radicals’ scavenging power of the extract was tested using butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene
(BHT) as standards. Water extract of Myristica fragrans scavenged free radicals better than BHA, but worse than BHT. The extract alone, as well as in combination with CP suppressed
cell division, and induced chromosomal aberrations that were insignificantly different from the negative control (P≤0.05). However, cytotoxic and mutagenic actions of CP were considerably suppressed. The observed effects on cell division
and chromosomes of A. cepa may be principally connected to the antioxidant properties of the extract. The obtained results suggest mitodepressive and
antimutagenic potentials of water extract of the leaves of M. fragrans as desirable properties of a promising anticancer agent. |
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| Keywords: | Allium cepa Antioxidants Chromosomal aberration Cyclophosphamide Mitotic index |
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