The influence of biological maturity on motor performance among habitually barefoot versus habitually shod adolescents |
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| Authors: | Cornelius John Karsten Hollander Johanna Elsabe de Villiers Daniel Hamacher Ranel Venter Astrid Zech |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Human Movement Science and Exercise Physiology, Institute of Sports Science, Friedrich Schiller University, Seidelstra?e 20, D-07749 Jena, Germanycornelius.john@uni-jena.de;3. Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Institute of Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, Turmweg 2, D-20148 Hamburg, Germany;4. Department of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, BG Trauma Hospital of Hamburg, Bergedorfer Stra?e 10, D-21033 Hamburg, Germany;5. Department of Sport Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch 7602, Cape Province, South Africa;6. Department of Human Movement Science and Exercise Physiology, Institute of Sports Science, Friedrich Schiller University, Seidelstra?e 20, D-07749 Jena, Germany |
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| Abstract: | Biological maturation is associated with physiological changes which in turn affect motor performance. No study has assessed the association between growing up habitually shod versus habitually barefoot and motor performance in the context of maturation, so this approach is unique. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of biological maturity on motor performance dependent on the participants’ footwear habits. Sixty-five German habitually shod (mean age 13.28?±?0.83 years) and fifty-five South African habitually barefoot (mean age 13.38?±?0.87 years) participants were included. Dynamic postural control was determined via backward balancing, explosive strength by standing long jump and sprinting performance based on a 20-m sprinting test. All tests were performed barefoot and shod. Biological maturation was calculated by using the maturity offset value. Linear mixed models were used to analyse interactions between the maturity offset value, footwear habits and motor performance. Throughout maturation, there was a significant difference between habitually barefoot and habitually shod balance performance (P?=?0.001). Maturation led to balance improvements in habitually barefoot adolescents, but not in habitually shod adolescents. No such differences could be observed for standing long jump and 20-m sprint performance. Maturity offset was a significant predictor for jumping and sprinting performances (P?
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| Keywords: | maturity motor performance barefoot shod adolescence |
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