| 中国粮食生产力研究的若干问题与展望 |
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| 引用本文： | 韩荣青,戴尔阜,吴绍洪.中国粮食生产力研究的若干问题与展望[J].资源科学,2012,34(6):1175-1183. |
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| 作者姓名： | 韩荣青 戴尔阜 吴绍洪 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 山东师范大学人口资源与环境学院,济南250014 中国科学院研究生院,北京100049
2. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京,100101 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家科技支撑计划课题(编号:2008BAH31B01);国家自然科学基金项目(编号:40830741,41071060,40701009);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(编号:kzcx2-yw-322-5) |
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| 摘 要： | 中国的粮食生产和安全一方面关系着国家安全和社会稳定,另一方面对世界粮食安全具有重要影响。围绕中国粮食生产力问题学术界已经有许多研究成果。本文总结粮食生产力的计算指标、粮食生产力格局与驱动机制三个方面的研究进展,发现：目前提出的生产力计算方法和指标可以全面反映区域生产力水平和区域差异;区域差异作为中国生产力格局的最突出特征,其主要表现为各种地域层次和生产能力的差异,粮食生产力格局的变化主要是粮食生产重心和粮食主要生产区的变化以及某一时间点的潜在生产力变化;同时,影响粮食生产格局与变化的因素众多,各种自然环境的差异和人类的开发利用活动深刻地影响着粮食生产力。各种因素对粮食生产的影响程度不同,所起作用有别,并且在不同时段影响因素不同。各种因素对不同区域的影响也不同。特别是气候变化和土地利用/覆被变化（LUCC）过程对现实生产力和潜在生产力都有很大影响。今后关于粮食主产区粮食生产潜力及其变化趋势、粮食生产力的产量差及其变化趋势、土地利用面积变化以及影响潜在粮食生产力的地域差异因素的研究等方面应成为研究的重要内容。
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| 关 键 词： | 粮食生产力 格局 驱动机制 进展 中国 |
Problems and Prospects of Researches on China’s Grain Productivity |
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| HAN Rongqing,DAI Erfu and WU Shaohong.Problems and Prospects of Researches on China’s Grain Productivity[J].Resources Science,2012,34(6):1175-1183. |
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| Authors: | HAN Rongqing DAI Erfu and WU Shaohong |
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| Institution: | Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;College of Population, Recourses and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China;Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China |
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| Abstract: | China’s grain production and food security are not only related to the national security and social stability,but also have great importance to the world food security.There have been many studies on China’s grain productivity.Based on the review of the study progress of calculation indexes of grain productivity,regional patterns of grain production and the driving factors,we have found that:1)The current calculation methods and indexes of grain productivity could fully reflect the regional productivity levels and the regional differences.In general,these methods and models can be divided into two categories:indexes of practical productivity calculation and models of potential productivity calculation;2)As the most prominent characteristic of China’s productivity pattern,regional difference is mainly shown as differences among geographic levels and production capacities.The changes of grain production pattern consist of the changes of grain production emphasis,the main production areas and the change of potential productivity at a certain time;3)There are many factors affecting the grain production pattern and its change,especially climate change and LUCC.Climate change affects the land use change and agricultural production system by altering the heat and water conditions of cultivated land.On the one hand,LUCC directly impacts the food production through the change of land use areas;on the other hand,space position changes of land use result in the overall change of regional land quality,which ultimately affects the total grain output.The differences in natural environments as well as the development and utilization activities of human have profound impacts on grain productivity.Moreover,the various influencing factors vary in degree and effect,and the factors are different in different time.Therefore,the future research should focus on the potential and the security of main grain production areas,the yield gap and its change pattern,the change of land use area and the regional difference factors that influence the potential grain productivity. |
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| Keywords: | Food productivity Pattern Driving forces Progress China |
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