In the hearts and minds of employees: A model of pre-adoptive appraisal toward artificial intelligence in organizations |
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| Institution: | 1. Wellington School of Business and Government, Victoria University of Wellington | Te Herenga Waka, New Zealand;2. National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan, ROC;3. Université Laval, Quebec, Canada;1. Brunel University London, UK;2. Faculty of Managerial Science, Abdullah Gul University, Turkey;1. University of Rostock, Ulmenstraße 69, Rostock 18057, Germany;2. Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, Australia;3. University of Kassel, Kleine Rosenstraße 3, Kassel 34117, Germany;4. MCI, The Entrpreneurial School, Universitaetsstrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;1. School of Tourism Management, South China Normal University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China;2. Dedman School of Hospitality & Tourism Management, Florida State University, B4104 University Center, 288 Champions Way, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA |
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| Abstract: | Organizations face increasing pressure to implement artificial intelligence (AI) within a variety of business processes and functions. Many perceived benefits surround AI, but a considerable amount of trepidation also exists because of the potential of AI to replace human employees and dehumanize work. Questions regarding the future of work in the age of AI are particularly salient in pre-adoption organizations, before employees have the opportunity to gain direct experience with AI. To cope with this potentially stressful situation, employees engage in cognitive appraisal processes based on their own knowledge and personal use of AI. These pre-adoptive appraisals of AI influence both affective and cognitive attitudes, which in turn trigger behavioral responses that influence an organization’s ability to leverage AI successfully. Our survey of 363 Taiwanese employees shows that perceptions of AI’s operational and cognitive capabilities are positively related to affective and cognitive attitudes toward AI, while concerns regarding AI have a negative relationship with affective attitude only. Interaction effects of employee knowledge and affective attitude are also observed. This work’s main contribution lies in the development of an empirically-tested model of the potential impact of AI on organizations from an employee perspective in the pre-adoption phase. These results have practical implications for how organizations prepare for the arrival of this transformative technology. |
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| Keywords: | Affective attitude Artificial intelligence Cognitive appraisal Cognitive attitude Employees Pre-adoption Subjective knowledge Turnover |
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