| 从多主体认知理论看美国20世纪30年代“宪法危机” |
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| 引用本文： | 周剑云.从多主体认知理论看美国20世纪30年代“宪法危机”[J].河南师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2006,33(1):21-24. |
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| 作者姓名： | 周剑云 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国人民大学,人文学院,北京,100872 |
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| 摘 要： | 罗斯福新政在政治、经济、社会等领域的创新是对美国传统宪政体制的突破,它要求一次“宪法革命”。这些革旧布新是对政治权力和各种利益的再分配,利益和权力的重组导致了20世纪30年代的“宪法危机”。在美国法治至上和程序至上的宪政体制下,以罗斯福总统为代表的行政、国会和最高法院及有第四权之称的美国新闻界在“宪法危机”之中为各自的权力和利益博弈。为解决危机,美国政府各方在宪政体制提供的“谈判”的机制下以“斗争促团结”,相互协商和妥协,为美国社会的发展方向寻求“共识”,最后在宪政的轨道上化解了“宪法危机”,促成了“宪法革命”的实现,确立了美国现代宪政体制发展的方向,为美国找到了一条宪政体制下和谐共处的“可持续发展”之路。
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| 关 键 词： | 宪法危机 最高法院 法治至上 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-2359（2006）01-0020-04 |
| 收稿时间： | 2005-10-26 |
| 修稿时间： | 2005年10月26 |
On the "Constitutional Crisis" of America in 1930s: In terms of Multi-Subject Cognition Theory |
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| ZHOU Jian-yun.On the "Constitutional Crisis" of America in 1930s: In terms of Multi-Subject Cognition Theory[J].Journal of Henan Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition),2006,33(1):21-24. |
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| Authors: | ZHOU Jian-yun |
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| Institution: | Renmin University, Beijing 100872,China |
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| Abstract: | The innovation of the New Deal in the politics,economy and society is a breakthrough of American traditional constitutional system,which is in need of some sort of "Constitution Revolution".What the New Deal policies have done was redistribution of political power and interests in America,it led to the occurrence of the "Constitutional Crisis" in 1930s.In terms of the supremacy of rule of law and due process,the executive branch(President Roosevelt),Congress,the Supreme Court and the so-called fourth power,the American press circle struggled against one another respectively for their political power and interests.In the hope of finding consensus for social change,the three branches of American government negotiated and came to a compromise through the constitutional mechanism,and finally resolved the constitutional crisis and realized the constitutional revolution.With the accomplishment of the New Deal,America established the new trend for its modern constitutional government and found a "sustaining development path" for Americans. |
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| Keywords: | constitutional crisis supreme court supremacy of rule of law |
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