Constructing competence: an analysis of student participation in the activity systems of mathematics classrooms |
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| Authors: | Melissa Gresalfi Taylor Martin Victoria Hand James Greeno |
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| Institution: | (1) Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA;(2) University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA;(3) University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA;(4) University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA |
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| Abstract: | This paper investigates the construction of systems of competence in two middle school mathematics classrooms. Drawing on
analyses of discourse from videotaped classroom sessions, this paper documents the ways that agency and accountability were distributed in the classrooms through interactions between the teachers and students as they worked on mathematical
content. In doing so, we problematize the assumption that competencies are simply attributes of individuals that can be externally
defined. Instead, we propose a concept of individual competence as an attribute of a person's participation in an activity
system such as a classroom. In this perspective, what counts as “competent” gets constructed in particular classrooms, and
can therefore look very different from setting to setting. The implications of the ways that competence can be defined are
discussed in terms of future research and equitable learning outcomes.
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| Keywords: | Classroom culture Discourse analysis Competence Middle school Urban schools |
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