Reliability and Validity of Real-Time Response Measurement: a Comparison of Two Studies of a Televised Debate in Germany |
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| Authors: | Maier Jurgen; Maurer Marcus; Reinemann Carsten; Faas Thorsten |
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| Institution: | Address correspondence to Jürgen Maier, Faculty of Social Science, Department of Methods of Empirical Social Research, University of Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany, e-mail: maier{at}sowi.uni-kl.de |
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| Abstract: | This paper investigates the reliability and validity of real-timeresponse measurements (RTR). It is based on a comparison oftwo quasi-experimental studies independently conducted on thesecond televised debate of the two major candidates for chancellorin the 2002 German federal election campaign. Participants inBamberg and Mainz—two mid-sized German cities—followedthe debate on a large-scale screen. The viewers’ immediatereactions to the candidates were measured in real-time. In termsof technicalities and substance, both quasi-experiments differedin several important respects. For example, the system usedin Mainz was based on a control unit with a 7-point scale andyielded one merged metric dimension for both candidates. TheBamberg system measured positive and negative impressions ofthe candidates independently, yielding categorical data. Despitethese operational differences, the results show that both methodsrender reliable results that also meet the criteria of face,construct, and criterion validity. Hence, RTR measurements providevaluable, unique insights into subjective immediate reactionsto candidates in televised debates and help to explain post-debateperceptions and attitudes. Received for publication March 23, 2005. Revision received December 14, 2005. |
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