| 制度复杂性、创业导向与创新型创业———一个基于跨国案例的组态分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 制度复杂性、创业导向与创新型创业———一个基于跨国案例的组态分析.制度复杂性、创业导向与创新型创业———一个基于跨国案例的组态分析[J].科学学研究,2022,40(5):863-873. |
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| 作者姓名： | 制度复杂性、创业导向与创新型创业———一个基于跨国案例的组态分析 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 同济大学;2. 东南大学;3. 深圳大学; |
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| 基金项目： | 国家社会科学基金项目;国家自然科学基金项目;教育部人文社会科学研究基金项目;广东省自然科学基金项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 创新型创业是实现经济高质量发展的重要引擎，如何提升创新型创业水平是中国亟待解决的重要问题。基于制度复杂性和创业导向理论，本文提出了探究创新型创业驱动路径的整合性分析框架，并且采用模糊集定性比较分析方法对全球50个经济体进行组态分析。研究发现：(1)政府政策、金融资本、创业教育、创业文化、风险承担性和创新性，均不是产生高创新型创业的必要条件，但加强创业教育对高创新型创业的产生发挥着较普适的作用。(2)3条路径可以产生高创新型创业，包括政府主导下的教育驱动型、政府与文化助力下的资本-教育-风险承担驱动型和文化主导下的资本与教育驱动型，不同路径代表着不同经济体高创新型创业的多重实现方式。(3)5条路径导致非高创新型创业，并且与产生高创新型创业的路径存在非对称关系。本文的研究结论有助于揭示多因素并发影响创新型创业的复杂因果机制，深化对制度复杂性的认识，并为提升中国创新型创业水平提供有益的政策启示。
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| 收稿时间： | 2021-02-08 |
Institutional complexity,entrepreneurial orientation and innovative entrepreneurship: A configuration analysis based on cross-national cases |
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| Abstract: | Innovative entrepreneurship is an important engine for achieving high-quality economy. However, the proportion of innovative entrepreneurship in China is low, so how to improve the level of innovative entrepreneurship is an important issue to be solved in China. Existing literature mainly focuses on the influence of individual factors at the level of entrepreneurial orientation and institutional environment on innovative entrepreneurship, while ignores the interaction effect between different institutional logics such as government and culture. Therefore, it remains unknown how more diversified and complex interactions affect innovative entrepreneurship under the circumstance that different institutional logics and entrepreneurial orientation are intertwined.
Although scholars have tried to use regression analysis to study the institutional complexity from the perspective of contingency, the configuration perspective based on holism is more suitable for analyzing the complex causality due to such multiple interactions. Because traditional regression analysis focuses on the net-effect at the variable level, it has limitations in analyzing the synergy of multiple factors. The configuration analysis uses abduction logic to explore the combination of factors that produce focal results, and it is suitable for exploring the complex relationship between multiple logics and innovative entrepreneurship. Therefore, based on the theory of institutional complexity and entrepreneurial orientation, this article employs fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis from the configuration perspective, using case data from 50 economies worldwide, to explore the casual complexity of multiple logics on innovative entrepreneurship when different institutional logics and entrepreneurial orientation are intertwined.
The results show that: (1) none of government policies, financial capital, entrepreneurial education, entrepreneurial culture, risk taking and innovativeness alone could constitute the necessary condition of high innovative entrepreneurship, while improving entrepreneurial education plays a more general role in promoting innovative entrepreneurship. (2) there are three recipes for high innovative entrepreneurship-government dominant with education driven path, government-cultural helping with capital-education-risk taking driven path and culture dominant with capital and education driven path-that represent multiple, equally effective paths for generating high innovative entrepreneurship. (3) there are five recipes for not-high innovative entrepreneurship, and the relationships between the paths of high and not-high innovative entrepreneurship are asymmetric.
This paper has the following theoretical contributions. First, this paper proposes an integrated analysis framework for studying the determinants of innovative entrepreneurship, which provides a foundation for empirically investigating the relationship between multiple antecedents and innovative entrepreneurship, and for an in-depth understanding of the combinations of antecedents that generate high innovative entrepreneurship; Second, this article explores the role of multiple logical interactions of different institutional logics and entrepreneurial orientation in shaping innovative entrepreneurship from the configuration perspective, which helps to gain a finer-grained understanding of innovative entrepreneurship. Finally, by examining the impact of multiple institutional factors and their interactions on innovative entrepreneurship, this article responds to the appeal that more research is needed to understand the coupling effect of different institutional logics from the perspective of institutional complexity. Moreover, this article brings policy implications for improving the level of China's innovative entrepreneurship. First, based on the current status of China’s institutional environment, the government should choose a path, among the multiple paths that generate high innovative entrepreneurship, that is more suitable for the country’s endowment, and make policy mix with the consideration of linkage of multiple factors. Second, the government should strengthen the popularization of entrepreneurial knowledge and skills in the education system, improve the entrepreneurial literacy of citizens, and increase the attractiveness of entrepreneurship as a career choice to the citizens. |
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