| 北大港湿地动态变化特征研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘克,赵文吉,杜强,谭红武.北大港湿地动态变化特征研究[J].资源科学,2010,32(12):2356-2363. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘克 赵文吉 杜强 谭红武 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院,北京100048;首都师范大学三维信息获取与应用教育部重点实验室,北京100048;首都师范大学资源环境与地理信息系统北京市重点实验室,北京100048
2. 中国水利水电科学研究院水环境研究所,北京,100038 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家科技支撑计划重点项目：“环北京区域地表环境遥感动态监测与评价技术研究”（编号：2007BAH15B02）。 |
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| 摘 要： | 北大港湿地位于天津市东南部,具有典型的湿地特征和多种生态环境和社会服务功能。在各种因素的影响下,北大港湿地生态系统严重退化,湿地功能也随之减弱。研究北大港湿地动态变化特征对于改善湿地生态环境质量,提高天津市生态系统的健康水平具有重要意义。本文在3S技术的支持下提取了北大港湿地2000年-2008年的水体、植被和土地利用信息,分析并总结其动态变化特征,在此基础上提出湿地保护和持续发展的对策和措施。研究表明:①2000年-2008年研究区的水资源、植被资源和土地利用都发生了很大变化;②随着水资源的匮乏,湿地植物群落退化,有向盐渍化过渡的趋势。9年来,湿地植被长势呈现从好转到恶化的趋势,这种变化与湿地水资源量变化密切相关;③2000年-2008年研究区湿地变化呈现自然湿地人工化,人工湿地城市化两大特点。据此提出:尽快建立湿地生态用水保障机制,实现湿地-保护-利用-开发-致富-提高-保护……湿地的良性循环是北大港湿地生态改善的有效途径。
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| 关 键 词： | 天津 北大港 湿地 3S 动态变化 |
| 收稿时间： | 5/3/2010 12:00:00 AM |
Characteristics of the Dynamic Changes of the Beidagang Wetland in Tianjin, China |
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| LIU Ke,ZHAO Wenji,DU Qiang and TAN Hongwu.Characteristics of the Dynamic Changes of the Beidagang Wetland in Tianjin, China[J].Resources Science,2010,32(12):2356-2363. |
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| Authors: | LIU Ke ZHAO Wenji DU Qiang and TAN Hongwu |
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| Institution: | College of Resources Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; Key Laboratory of 3D Information Acquisition and Application of Ministry of Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Resources Environment and GIS, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China;College of Resources Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; Key Laboratory of 3D Information Acquisition and Application of Ministry of Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Resources Environment and GIS, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China;Department of Water Environment, IWHR, Beijing 100038, China;Department of Water Environment, IWHR, Beijing 100038, China |
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| Abstract: | The Beidagang wetland is located in the southeast of Tianjin Municipality, possessing
typical wetland characteristics and a variety of environmental and social service functions. It also
has the richest biodiversity in Tianjin, even across the Bohai Bay area. The Beidagang wetland
ecosystem has, nevertheless, been significantly degraded due to a range of human and natural
factors, exhibiting progressively weakened wetland functions. Investigating the characteristics of
dynamic changes of the Beidagang wetland is thus of great significance to ameliorate the quality of
the wetland environment and to improve the overall ecosystem health in Tianjin. In this work,
SPOT 5 satellite imageries (including both the panchromatic and multi-spectral bands) in
September 2008 were acquired. In addition, a series of China-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite
(CBERS) imageries were obtained for this study. Based on these imageries, information regarding
water, vegetation, and land use of the Beidagang wetland over the period 2000-2008 was extracted
with the aid of multi-spectral imagery classification algorithms and related image processing
techniques. Samples of the land use for imagery classification and accuracy assessment were
obtained from field investigations. Measures for protecting the wetland and promoting sustainable
development were put forward based on analysis of its dynamic change characteristics. Results
showed that 1) the water resources, vegetation, and land use of the Beidagang wetland experienced
great changes from 2000 to 2008; 2) the scarcity of water supply was the major reason for water
reduction. The wetland plant communities were progressively degrading due to the shortage of
water resources compounded by salinization. There was a stable growth of the wetland vegetation
observed from 2000 to 2002, followed by a continuing benign development of the growth over the
next four years. However, the growth of the vegetation presented a marked degradation from 2006
to 2008, reaching the worst state in 2008 within the 9 year-period. The relationship between the
change in the wetland system and changes in water resources was found to be closely related; 3)
natural wetlands showed an artificialization trend involving increasing human impacts, suggesting
that the artificial wetlands were incrementally occupied with the urban expansion. Continuing
exploration of the wetland system has been inducing the degradation of the wetland environment.
Establishing wetland water security mechanisms and achieving a virtuous cycle of integrating
protection and utilization would be the effective ways to fundamentally protect and improve the
environment of the Beidagang wetland. |
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| Keywords: | Tianjin Beidagang Wetland 3S Dynamic change |
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