| 数据赋能驱动制造企业服务化的路径 |
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| 引用本文： | 蒋军锋,尚晏莹.数据赋能驱动制造企业服务化的路径[J].科研管理,2022,43(4):56-65. |
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| 作者姓名： | 蒋军锋 尚晏莹 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.西安理工大学经济与管理学院,陕西 西安710054;
2.南京信息工程大学管理工程学院,江苏 南京210044 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金面上项目(71972153,2020.01—2023.12;71972154,2020.01—2023.12)；;陕西省软科学研究计划重点项目(2020KRZ001,2020.09—2021.05)； |
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| 摘 要： | 一方面，大数据使整合更大范围内的互补资源成为可能，制造业服务供给能力日益集中；另一方面，大数据也提供了满足服务需要的更多实现形式与获取途径，制造业服务需求日益异质；如何响应数据赋能对制造业服务化的供给侧、需求侧以及两者匹配的三重冲击决定了制造企业服务化的成败。基于“供给-需求”匹配视角，本文利用美的单案例扎根探究，采用商业模式创新框架分析数据赋能驱动制造企业服务化的作用路径，研究表明：（1）数据赋能分别通过战略导向、数据特征利用与多主体实时交互，继之以资源利用为共通媒介，然后影响价值创造、价值传递、价值捕获三个维度来驱动制造企业服务化；（2）数据赋能驱动制造业服务化表现为“数据赋能-工业数字化能力、产品数据利用能力、客户价值互动能力的提升-工业服务化、客户服务化与价值服务化的组合影响”的动态过程。本研究引入了制造业服务化的需求侧，扩展了数据赋能驱动制造企业服务化的作用路径，为制造企业服务化提供了以“供给-需求”匹配为核心的理论指导。
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| 关 键 词： | 数据赋能 商业模式 服务化 动态能力 扎根理论 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-08-20 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021-03-12 |
The driving path of data enabling on the servicization of manufacturing enterprises |
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| Jiang Junfeng,Shang Yanying.The driving path of data enabling on the servicization of manufacturing enterprises[J].Science Research Management,2022,43(4):56-65. |
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| Authors: | Jiang Junfeng Shang Yanying |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Economics and Management, Xi′an University of Technology, Xi′an 710054, Shaanxi, China;
2. School of Management Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, China; |
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| Abstract: | On the one hand, big data makes it possible to integrate more complementary resources in a wider range, and the supply capacity of manufacturing services is increasingly concentrated; on the other hand, big data also provides more forms of realization and access to meet service needs, and the demand for manufacturing services is increasingly heterogeneous; how to respond to the triple impact of data enabling on the supply side, demand side and matching of manufacturing servicization determines the success or failure of manufacturing services.
From the supply side, the existing research emphasizes the improvement of data enabling and the realization of some improvements, such as real-time response speed, adaptive flexibility and the possibility of large-scale personalized manufacturing. However, how data enabling affects the implementation environment and implementation process of these improved capacity states of enterprises is still unclear, and it is not clear how data enabling can maximize its benefits under the business model on the demand side of manufacturing enterprises.
From the perspective of "supply-demand" matching, the driving path of data enabling on the servicization of manufacturing enterprises in Midea is analyzed by the framework of business model innovation (BMI) with the help of the grounded theory (GT). The driving process and the management practice and the influences of data enabling on the business model innovation and servicization of the manufacturing enterprises are deeply analyzed and clarified, which results in the corresponding proposition. The research shows that: (1) the linkages between the data enabling and the servicization of manufacturing enterprises are constitute by the concurrent of the strategic orientation, the data feature utilization and multi-agent real-time interaction, which is followed by resource utilization as the common medium and ended in the three dimensions of value creation, value delivery and value capture. (2) the dynamic driving process of data enabling on the servicization of manufacturing enterprises is characterized in "Data Enabling - Industrial Digitization Capability, Product Data Utilization Capability, Customer Value Interaction Capability Enhancement - Combination of Industrial Servicization, Customer Servicization and Value Servicization". The construction of enterprise-customer-upstream and downstream multi-agent participation in the interactive environment is conducive to the service transformation of manufacturing enterprises and the matching of demand and supply in the context of interactive development and transmission.
The introduction of the demand side in the business model innovation expands the roles of data enabling in the servicization of manufacturing enterprises and provides theoretical guidance with "supply-demand" matching as the core for manufacturing enterprises servicization. It expands the connotation of data enabling, demonstrates the industrial digitization ability, product data utilization ability and customer value interaction ability of data enabling. The research is helpful to form a process explanation of service to manufacturing enterprises, enrich the theoretical connotation of service and business model innovation, and answer the specific ability required by manufacturing enterprises. The object of data enabling is expanded from supply side to demand side, and its influence on the matching of the two is taken as the direct reason of service transformation. The situation, path and mechanism of service theory of manufacturing enterprises are improved, and the important role of enterprise-customer-upstream and downstream multi-agent environment construction in manufacturing service is emphasized. |
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| Keywords: | data enabling business model servicization dynamic capability grounded theory |
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