| 大数据发展、营商环境与区域创新绩效 |
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| 引用本文： | 王欣亮,杜壮壮,刘飞.大数据发展、营商环境与区域创新绩效[J].科研管理,2022,43(4):46-55. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王欣亮 杜壮壮 刘飞 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.西北大学 公共管理学院，陕西 西安710127；
2.西北大学 哲学学院，陕西 西安710127 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金面上项目:“我国经济发展质量损失研究：基于财政失衡下地方政府行为偏向的分析”（72074180，2021.01—2024.12）；国家自然科学基金青年项目:“地方政府竞争引致创新要素错配及效率损失研究”（71904156，2020.01—2022.12）；“我国经济增长效率损失研究：基于要素错配下的产业结构失衡研究”（71703121，2018.01—2020.12）。 |
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| 摘 要： | 探讨如何优化营商环境，提高区域创新绩效，对推动高质量发展具有重要意义。基于对大数据发展下营商环境影响区域创新绩效的机制分析，以2008—2017年我国地级市及722家民营企业的面板数据为样本，构建动态面板模型，使用SYS-GMM估计法进行实证检验，得出：（1）优化营商环境虽在总体上有利于提升区域创新绩效，但在不同城市存在异质性，呈现出“非省会强、省会弱”的不均衡特征。（2）大数据发展与营商环境优化的契合是区域创新绩效提升的关键，尤其是在省会城市，其作用更强，但囿于技术学习能力，却在非省会城市作用不确定。（3）营商环境优化作用的不均衡区域特征源于交易成本的中介作用存在城市差异，在省会城市，大数据发展能激发出交易成本的中介作用，增强优化营商环境的间接作用，扭转“非省会强、省会弱”的区域不均衡特征，全面激发营商环境优化的创新绩效提升效应。
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| 关 键 词： | 营商环境 交易成本 区域创新绩效 大数据 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-08-06 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021-01-09 |
Development of big data,business environment optimization and regional innovation performance |
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| Wang Xinliang,Du Zhuangzhuang,Liu Fei.Development of big data,business environment optimization and regional innovation performance[J].Science Research Management,2022,43(4):46-55. |
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| Authors: | Wang Xinliang Du Zhuangzhuang Liu Fei |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Public Administration, Northwest University, Xi′an710127, Shaanxi, China;
2. School of Philosophy, Northwest University, Xi′an710127, Shaanxi, China; |
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| Abstract: | Under the realistic contradiction of surging input of innovation factors but slow growth of innovation output in China, this paper aims to improve regional innovation performance and promote high-quality economic development, in combination with the current reality of unbalanced regional development, this paper starts with the development strategy of big data to explore the theoretical mechanism and practical path of optimizing the business environment and improving regional innovation performance, so as to provide theoretical support for deepening the understanding of optimization of the business environment, as well as providing theoretical support for constructing the path of optimizing the business environment, making up the regional "weak links" and enhancing innovation performance.
Based on the analysis of the theoretical mechanism of business environment affecting regional innovation performance and the regulatory mechanism of big data development, this paper deduces the following two hypotheses: one is that optimizing business environment can improve regional innovation performance by reducing transaction costs, and there are regional differences in the direct and indirect effects of optimizing business environment affecting regional innovation performance; the other is big data development has a positive moderating effect on the relationship between optimizing business environment and improving regional innovation performance, but the moderating effect is different in different regions.
In order to test the reliability of the above hypothesis, this paper constructs a dynamic panel model based on the municipal data and 722 private enterprises′ regional integration panel data from 2008 to 2017, and uses the SYS-GMM estimation method for empirical test. The results show that: first, although the optimization of business environment is conducive to improving regional innovation performance in general, but it has heterogeneity in different cities, showing the unbalanced characteristics of " non provincial capital strong, provincial capital weak ". Second, the combination of big data development and business environment optimization is the key to improve regional innovation performance, especially for provincial capital cities, but limited by the ability of technological learning, this effect is uncertain for non-provincial capitals. Third, the unbalanced regional characteristics of the optimization effect of business environment are due to the differences between cities in the intermediary role of transaction cost: in provincial capital cities, big data development can stimulate the intermediary role of transaction cost, enhance the indirect role of optimizing business environment, reverse the unbalanced regional characteristics of "non provincial capital strong, provincial capital weak", and comprehensively stimulate the innovation performance improvement effect of business environment optimization.
According to the above conclusions, this paper proposes to improve regional innovation performance and promote high-quality economic development from the following two aspects: first, according to the characteristics and weaknesses of different cities, promote gradually the development of big data, expand the business environment optimization space of provincial capital cities, actively deal with the "digital divide" problem of non-provincial capital cities, and enhance the marginal effect of improving the business environment on regional innovation performance. Second, focus on the reform of business environment in non-provincial capital cities, improve the understanding of officials on optimizing the business environment, guide the local government to formulate property rights protection, administrative approval, innovative services and other programs according to their own reality, and then create a characteristic model to drive the optimization of business environment in similar regions finally form a harmonious relationship between government and enterprises, and promote the overall innovation vitality of the region.
Compared with previous studies, the main progress of this paper is reflected in the following aspects: first, on the basis of previous studies on the relationship between business environment and enterprise innovation performance, we are committed to opening the "black box" of business environment affecting regional innovation performance, clarifying the transmission mechanism of "business environment--transaction cost--regional innovation performance", and deepening the recognition of "optimizing business environment". Second, based on the analysis of the regulatory mechanism and effect of big data development affects the relationship between business environment and regional innovation performance, this paper discusses the important application value of big data development in enhancing regional innovation performance, so as to provide theoretical support for tapping the application potential of big data and promoting high-quality development; Third, combined with the characteristics of China′s regional unbalanced development, this paper discusses the important role of big data development in balancing regional development, and proves that mining the development potential of big data combined with the characteristics of regional development can make up for the "short board" of regional development, enhance the marginal effect of optimizing business environment, and promote regional balanced development. |
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| Keywords: | business environment transaction cost regional innovation performance big data |
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