| 第14届世界游泳锦标赛出发技术研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨红春,陈谦,李旭鸿,王丽.第14届世界游泳锦标赛出发技术研究[J].中国体育科技,2012(1):112-115. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨红春 陈谦 李旭鸿 王丽 |
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| 作者单位： | 浙江体育科学研究所;宁波大学体育学院 |
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| 基金项目： | 浙江省重大科技专项重点社会发展项目(2011C13041) |
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| 摘 要： | 采用现场研究、文献调查等方法对竞技游泳2种主要的出发技术进行研究。对第14届世界游泳锦标赛决赛运动员224人次的出发技术的分布比例进行了统计,对出发反应时(start reaction,SR)、出发15 m时间(start efficiency,SE)、800 m以下项目的成绩(Score,SC)等指标进行分析研究,同时梳理了近年来有关出发技术的研究文献数据。研究表明,蹲踞式出发技术(track start,TS)从10余年前不到40%的采用率增长到了2011年世界游泳锦标赛上的98%。蹲踞式出发技术在SR和SE上均比抓台式(grab start,GS)有优势。研究认为,抓台式技术将成为历史,所有运动员应掌握带有助推器的新型出发台的蹲踞式出发技术。
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| 关 键 词： | 出发技术 抓台式 蹲踞式 出发反应时 出发效率 世界游泳锦标赛 14届 |
Study on Start Technique in 14th FINA World Championship |
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| YANG Hong-chun,CHEN Qian,LI Xu-hong,WANG Li.Study on Start Technique in 14th FINA World Championship[J].China Sport Science and Technology,2012(1):112-115. |
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| Authors: | YANG Hong-chun CHEN Qian LI Xu-hong WANG Li |
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| Institution: | 1.Zhejiang Research Institute of Sports Science,Hangzhou 310004,China;2.Faculty of Physical Education of Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China. |
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| Abstract: | Objective:The purpose of this study was to investigate the two major start techniques in swimming competition through field research and literature review method.Method:The percentages of each start technique employed by 224 person-time swimmers in 14th FINA World Championship final match were surveyed.The start reaction(SR),the time on the 15m mark(start efficiency,SE),and score(SC) of all items(except 1 500 m) were analyzed.Meanwhile,the literatures related to swimming start technique in recent years were combed.Results:The percentage of track start(TS) technique employed by elite swimmers was increased from less than 40% a decade ago to 98% in the 14th FINA World Championship(2011).TS technique is superior to the grab start(GS).Conclusions:The GS technique would become a history and swimmers should master TS technique to acclimatize themselves to the appearance of the new platform with a booster. |
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| Keywords: | start technique grab start track start start reaction start efficiency World Championship 14th |
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