Holocaust education in Austria: A (hi)story of complexity and ambivalence |
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| Authors: | Bastel Heribert Matzka Christian Miklas Helene |
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| Institution: | (1) Christian Churches’ University of Education in Vienna/Krems, Mayerweckstr. 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria |
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| Abstract: | In Austria, activities for teaching about and remembering the Holocaust have concentrated mainly on National Socialism and
its atrocities. Austria’s history of political anti-Semitism goes back to the 19th century, however, and has been widely and
publicly acknowledged. It has always been linked to nationalistic tendencies that are still present today and rarely reflected
upon, including the anti-Slavic and anti-Turkish attitudes that right-wing parties use to gain supporters. Vienna’s special
place of remembrance, the Heldenplatz, with its monuments and history, is a useful place to begin examining Austrian identities
and the course of collective Austrian ways of thinking. Based on that examination, we then consider Austria’s daily politics
and treatment of the past. We next turn to Holocaust education after the war, which has had an impressive impact after a late
start, and mention some of its drawbacks and problems. We next discuss the lack of serious research about memorials in Austria,
as compared with Germany, and present initial results from a project that started in spring 2009 to examine knowledge gains
and attitude changes among students after they visit the Mauthausen concentration camp. |
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