| 基于区块链技术重构互联网时代的开放教育 |
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| 引用本文： | 张召,金澈清,周傲英.基于区块链技术重构互联网时代的开放教育[J].现代远程教育研究,2020(1):33-40,50. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张召 金澈清 周傲英 |
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| 作者单位： | 华东师范大学数据科学与工程学院 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金委员会-广东省人民政府大数据科学研究中心项目重点支持项目“教育大数据的获取、管理与知识构建方法研究”（U1811264）;国家自然科学基金面上项目“面向高吞吐处理的区块链数据管理”（61972152） |
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| 摘 要： | 在互联网时代,基于在线学习方式的开放教育日益被教育机构及学习者采纳和接受。开放教育在为学习者带来时空便利的同时,其在数据层面上引发的信任危机也亟待解决。开放教育可划分为教学资源开放共享、大规模教学交互、跨平台开放等三个阶段,数据在其发展过程中起到了原始驱动力的作用,并在其质量提升中扮演着重要角色。构建贯穿开放教育数据产生、流通和传播全过程的信任机制十分重要,而具有去中心化、去信任化、防篡改、可追溯等特性的区块链技术可用于构建开放教育参与者间的信任关系,进而从以下几个方面重构互联网时代的开放教育:一是实现优质教育资源在分享和传播中的确权;二是保障开放教育环境下的学习成果互认;三是保证开放教育情境中的数据可信,并准确实现教育的“以人推己”。虽然区块链技术在开放教育中具有广阔的应用前景,但针对教育的现实情境,其仍存在以下技术问题有待解决:一是数据存储受到单节点存储容量的限制;二是共识协议所支持的节点数目偏少;三是缺乏面向教育规章制度的高效合约建模及执行方法;四是数据在多方间的公开使得对用户隐私保护难以实现;五是轻客户端使得验证查询功能受限。
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| 关 键 词： | 互联网时代 区块链技术 信任机制 开放教育 |
Open Education Reconstruction in the Internet Era via Blockchain |
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| ZHANG Zhao,JIN Cheqing,ZHOU Aoying.Open Education Reconstruction in the Internet Era via Blockchain[J].Modern Distance Education Research,2020(1):33-40,50. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Zhao JIN Cheqing ZHOU Aoying |
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| Abstract: | In the Internet era,open education based on online learning is increasingly adopted and accepted by educational institutions and learners.While open education brings time and space convenience to learners,the crisis of trust caused by it at the data level needs to be solved urgently.Basically,open education can be divided into three stages:opening and sharing of instruction resources,large-scale interaction in teaching and cross-platform opening.Data,as a motive force in the development of open education,plays a vital role in improving its quality.It is very important to devise a trust mechanism throughout the entire process of generating,circulating and disseminating open education data.With the characteristics of decentralization,trustless,tamper-proof and traceability,blockchain technology is well suited to establishing trust between open education participants,and hence to further reconstruct open education in the Internet era in the following aspects:first,to realize the certification of the right during the sharing and dissemination of high-quality educational resources;second,to ensure mutual agreement of learning outcomes in the open education environment;third,to promise trusted data in the scenario of open education and to produce feedbacks upon others and oneself.Blockchain has broad application prospects in open education,but it still has several technical flaws to be solved.First,the overall system storage capacity is limited by a single node.Second,the existing consensus protocols cannot scale to a large number of nodes.Third,there is a lack of efficient smart contract modeling and execution,oriented to education rules and regulations.Fourth,data privacy is difficult to protect when facing the openness of blockchain.Fifth,light clients have inadequate abilities to handle authenticated queries. |
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| Keywords: | Internet Era Blockchain Trust Mechanism Open Education |
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