| 基于中国经验的制造外包主要影响因子研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 吕延方,王冬.基于中国经验的制造外包主要影响因子研究[J].资源科学,2012,34(3):520-532. |
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| 作者姓名： | 吕延方 王冬 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 东北财经大学数学与数量经济学院经济计量分析与预测研究中心,大连,116025
2. 东北财经大学研究生院,大连,116025 |
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| 基金项目： | 辽宁省高等学校优秀人才支持计划项目(编号：WJQ2011045);中国博士后科学基金面上项目(编号：20110491322);教育部人文社会科学研究项目(编号：10YJA790021);东北财经大学教学研究项目(编号：YY11012)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 本文在Feenstra和Hanson（1996年）、Ahn等（2008年）估算外包比率的方法基础上,运用国际投入产出表,测算了1990年-2008年间中国主要制造业承接美国和日本外包比率水平。数据显示,我国制造业承接美国增幅较大,而承接日本较平缓。之后基于贸易理论,从对象国、类别不同层次实证分析了中国承接美国、日本制造业产业外包的主要影响因子。结果显示：①劳动力投入变量显著负向影响承接不同国家、不同工序类型的外包比率;②单位资本的丰裕程度（资源禀赋）显著正向影响我国承接美国、日本外包的水平,尤其对承接美国的加工品、日本的零配件正向影响明显,但对美国和日本向中国转移资本品业务影响不显著;③企业规模负向影响承接日本的制造外包,并负向影响承接日本加工品和资本品等中间环节业务,但对承接零配件外包业务的影响不显著;企业规模对承接美国的制造外包及不同工序的外包影响不显著;④劳动力生产率对承接不同国家、工序的外包影响不一。
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| 关 键 词： | 承接外包 资源禀赋 劳动力生产率 规模 |
The Analysis of Main Driving Factors of Outsourcing Undertaking: A Evidence of China's Manufacturing Industry |
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| LV Yanfang and WANG Dong.The Analysis of Main Driving Factors of Outsourcing Undertaking: A Evidence of China's Manufacturing Industry[J].Resources Science,2012,34(3):520-532. |
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| Authors: | LV Yanfang and WANG Dong |
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| Institution: | Department of Quantitative Economics & Center for Econometric Analysis and Forecasting, Dongbei University of Finance & Economics, Dalian 116025, China;Graduate School, Dongbei University of Finance & Economics, Dalian 116025, China |
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| Abstract: | Along with globalization’s advancing and the intensive international competition, the outsourcing is becoming the product of international division of industry recently. The Multinational Corporation is taking the outsourcing as the important strategic choice of internationalization. China can make a good use of domestic resources and superior resources imported from various foreign countries through outsourcing undertaking, which would surely bring a gathering, demonstration and leading effect on the whole industries. The outsourcing undertaking is becoming new objectives of China’s industry development in the 21st century. With carrying out the reform and open policy gradually since 1980s, China has attracted large quantities of overseas enterprises building plants through FDI, and now China has already became"the whole world’s manufacturing center"through undertaking outsourcing. Then, what is the major factor to affect the developed country’s multinational corporations outsourcing abroad to China? This paper overcame the difficulties of data mining, utilized the data from different databases including China Industrial Statistics yearbook, China Population and Employment Statistics and RIETI-TID, developed a new measurement way of contracting outsourcing index to analyze the tendency of China’s main manufacturing industries’undertaking US and Japan’s outsourcing from 1990 to 2008, combined the outsourcing model of Feenstra (2010) and three main hypotheses about how comparative advantage determines the pattern of international trade and set up panel data models to examine how those determining factors explain contracting outsourcing from the different types and outsourcing countries. The following results were shown. 1) This index of China’s manufacturing industries’contracting outsourcing has been greatly going up and contracting US’s outsourcing has a big growth rate comparing with Japan’s a flat tendency; 2) Contrasting labor and esca’s remarkable negative impact, we find that fend is a remarkable variable to affect most types of contracting outsourcing index; 3) lprd has a different impact on the different type of contracting outsourcing index, which need to be followed by different ideas. Therefore, our empirical data could not prove the hypothesis that the cheap labor input will continue to promote China’s main manufacturing industries’contracting outsourcing. We need still focus on the technology and productivity enhancement of the labor intensive industries, with the aim of consolidating and strengthening its leading position of world manufacturing industries. On the other hand, China need gradually adjust industry policy and encourage the capital/technology-intensive industry to raise the labor productivity through technology and automated machine’s usage with the aim of enhancing these industries’competitive advantage. |
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| Keywords: | Contracting outsourcing Factor endowment Labor productivity Firm scale |
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