| Phytate： impact on environment and human nutrition. A challenge for molecular breeding |
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| 作者姓名： | Bohn L Meyer AS Rasmussen SK |
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| 作者单位： | Lisbeth BOHN（Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark） ;
Anne S. MEYER（Department of Chemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark） ;
Sφren K. RASMUSSEN（Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark） ; |
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| 基金项目： | Project supported by the Danish Agency for Science, Technology andInnovation, Copenhagen, Denmark and Harvest Plus |
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| 摘 要： |
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| 关 键 词： | 人类 环境系统 分子 呼吸系统 |
| 收稿时间： | 5 February 2008 |
| 修稿时间： | 18 February 2008 |
Phytate: impact on environment and human nutrition. A challenge for molecular breeding |
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| Bohn L,Meyer AS,Rasmussen SK.Phytate: impact on environment and human nutrition. A challenge for molecular breeding[J].Journal of Zhejiang University Science,2008,9(3):165-191. |
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| Authors: | Lisbeth Bohn Anne S Meyer Søren K Rasmussen |
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| Institution: | [1]Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark [2]Department of Chemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark |
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| Abstract: | Phytic acid (PA) is the primary storage compound of phosphorus in seeds accounting for up to 80% of the total seed phosphorus
and contributing as much as 1.5% to the seed dry weight. The negatively charged phosphate in PA strongly binds to metallic
cations of Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn and Zn making them insoluble and thus unavailable as nutritional factors. Phytate mainly accumulates
in protein storage vacuoles as globoids, predominantly located in the aleurone layer (wheat, barley and rice) or in the embryo
(maize). During germination, phytate is hydrolysed by endogenous phytase(s) and other phosphatases to release phosphate, inositol
and micronutrients to support the emerging seedling. PA and its derivatives are also implicated in RNA export, DNA repair,
signalling, endocytosis and cell vesicular trafficking. Our recent studies on purification of phytate globoids, their mineral
composition and dephytinization by wheat phytase will be discussed. Biochemical data for purified and characterized phytases
isolated from more than 23 plant species are presented, the dephosphorylation pathways of phytic acid by different classes
of phytases are compared, and the application of phytase in food and feed is discussed.
Project supported by the Danish Agency for Science, Technology and Innovation, Copenhagen, Denmark and HarvestPlus |
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| Keywords: | Phytate nutrition human environment and impact molecular breeding application food feed phytic acid different classes Biochemical data characterized isolated plant species mineral composition recent |
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