| 流寓民的差别性户籍制度与客家民系的形成——基于人口流动与社会分层的分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 何朝银,施骏栋.流寓民的差别性户籍制度与客家民系的形成——基于人口流动与社会分层的分析[J].赣南师范学院学报,2012,33(2):3-10. |
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| 作者姓名： | 何朝银 施骏栋 |
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| 作者单位： | 福州大学人文社会科学学院,福州,350108 |
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| 摘 要： | 人口迁徙是客家民系形成的动力之一,常受到历代户籍制度的约束。针对流寓民,统治者制定了有别于土著居民的户籍制度,如宋之"客户"、明之"附籍"、清之"客籍"等。户籍制度与客家民系存在密切的关系,学术界忽视了户籍制度本身与客家民系形成之间的关系。"客户、客籍"名称未必是近现代"客家"名称的直接来源。户籍制度是国家政权控制社会资源的重要手段,差别性户籍制度不仅对流寓民进行户口确定,而且进行社会身份的标定。明清时期,土著与流寓民之间激烈的经济政治斗争,强化了族群的自我认同,推动了赣闽粤边区客家民系的形成,而清代摆脱"寄籍"的斗争在这个过程中起着重要的催化作用。
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| 关 键 词： | 户籍制度 流寓民 客家民系 族群认同 |
Household Register System on Moving People and Formation of Hakka Based on the Analysis of Population Mobility and Social Stratification |
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| HE Chao-yin,SHI Jun-dong.Household Register System on Moving People and Formation of Hakka Based on the Analysis of Population Mobility and Social Stratification[J].Journal of Gannan Teachers' College(Social Science(2)),2012,33(2):3-10. |
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| Authors: | HE Chao-yin SHI Jun-dong |
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| Institution: | (School of Humanities and Social Sciences,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,China) |
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| Abstract: | Population migration is one of the motive forces of the formation of the Hakka people,but the population migration is always constrained by the household register institution.For the moving people,the ruler formulated household register to distinguish the indigenous people’s formal household register.For example,Song Dynasty had "guest home",Ming Dynasty had "depend on register",the Qing Dynasty had "guest register" and so on.This paper is to research on the relationship between household register institution and the department of Hakka.Academia entangled relationship between the origin of the words "guest" and "Hakka",and ignored the relation between household register institution and the take-shape of the department of Hakka.The name of "guest home","guest register" may not be the direct origin of the modern name Hakka.Although,the household register institution is a very important measure to control the social resources for the state power,the difference between the household registration institution not only for the floating people account to determine,but also to demarcate the social identity in the group.In the Ming and Qing Dynasties,the indigenous people and the floating people had explosive fights in politic and economic.These fights strengthen the member’s self-identity in the same group,also promote the conformation of department of Hakka in the Jiangxi Fujian and Guangdong provinces boundary.In this process,the "depending on register" got rid of fights play a major catalytic effect in Qing Dynasty. |
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| Keywords: | household register institution Hakka moving people |
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