| 冬奥会单人项目运动员参赛制胜特征及对2022年北京冬奥会的参赛启示 |
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| 引用本文： | 李荣,陈亮.冬奥会单人项目运动员参赛制胜特征及对2022年北京冬奥会的参赛启示[J].体育科学,2020(4):15-27. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李荣 陈亮 |
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| 作者单位： | 福建师范大学体育科学学院 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家社会科学基金青年项目(15CTY019);福建省社会科学规划青年项目(FJ2017C055);福建师范大学优秀博士学位论文培育项目(LWPYB008)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的:分析以往冬奥会单人项目运动员多维度的参赛制胜特征,为北京冬奥会中国队参赛策略提供借鉴。方法:以2014年和2018年冬季奥林匹克运动会单人项目前8名运动员(1 136例)的以往参赛特征为研究对象,讨论了以往冬奥会、奥运周期世锦赛、奥运赛季世界杯赛的参赛对本届冬奥会名次取得的作用方式。结果:与低龄类项目相比,高龄类项目在冬奥会参赛和冬奥周期世锦赛参赛均表现出经历多且名次等级高的特点。此外,冬奥周期无兼项项目的最好名次等级高,有兼项项目主项成绩突出。结论:高龄类项目更加注重以往参赛经历,冬奥周期和冬奥赛季成绩应上升或保持稳定,有兼项项目冬奥周期应适当发展副项,但冬奥赛季应重点关注主项的能力和状态。建议:在把握不同单人项目参赛制胜特征的基础上,我国重点项目应依据优秀运动员数量、年龄、冬奥参赛经历,在北京冬奥周期中选择适宜的专项能力提升或保持方案,并制定差异化参赛策略。
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| 关 键 词： | 冬奥会 单人项目 奥运成绩 参赛制胜特征 参赛启示 |
The Winning Characteristics of Single Athletes in Winter Olympic Games and Its Enlightenment to Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games |
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| LI Rong,CHEN Liang.The Winning Characteristics of Single Athletes in Winter Olympic Games and Its Enlightenment to Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games[J].China Sport Science,2020(4):15-27. |
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| Authors: | LI Rong CHEN Liang |
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| Institution: | (School of Physical Education and Sport Science,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350117,China) |
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| Abstract: | Objective: The multi-dimensional winning characteristics of the single athletes in the previous Winter Olympic Games are analyzed to give some enlightenment to Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games. Method: Based on the previous characteristics of the top 8 athletes(1 136 cases) in the single events in 2014 and 2018 Winter Olympic Games, this article discussed the effect of the previous Winter Olympic Games, World Championships in the Olympic Cycle and World Cup in the Olympic Season on the ranking in Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games. Results: Compared with the junior events, senior events in the previous Winter Olympic Games and World Championships showed more competition experiences and higher ranking. In addition, the best ranking of the nonconcurrent events in Winter Olympic cycle was highest, and the main events of the concurrent events were outstanding. Conclusion:It was found that the senior events should pay more attention to the previous participation experience, the results in the Winter Olympic cycle and the Winter Olympic season should be increased or kept stable. Concurrent events in the Olympic Cycle should develop the additional events, and the ability and state of the main events should be emphasized in the Winter Olympic season.Therefore, based on winning characteristics of different single events, the key events should conduct special ability promotion or maintenance plan in Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic cycle according to the number, age and experience of elite athletes, and then formulate the differentiated competition strategy. |
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| Keywords: | Winter Olympic Games single events Olympic achievement winning characteristics participation enlightenment |
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