| 宗教仪式与政治伦理——宋代佛教戒坛的建置及其象征意义 |
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| 引用本文： | 游彪.宗教仪式与政治伦理——宋代佛教戒坛的建置及其象征意义[J].北京师范大学学报(社会科学版),2013(2):53-61. |
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| 作者姓名： | 游彪 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京师范大学 历史学院,北京,100875 |
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| 基金项目： | 教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地2009年度重大项目"宋代历史文献学的成就与特点研究" |
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| 摘 要： | 戒坛是剃度出家人的场所,也是佛教寺院的重要附属设施。在宋代,政府严格控制佛教戒坛的创立。随着时间的推移,佛教的戒坛逐渐增加,但无论是官方还是民间记载的戒坛数量,似乎都是不准确的。资料显示,在宋代,戒坛的设置有一套完整的规则,应该是在政府的严格监控下进行的。在佛教较为发达的区域,戒坛大体上应该是以州级行政机构为基本标准设置的,而在佛教相对不那么普及的地区,大体上应该是若干个州设立一座戒坛,供该地区僧尼、沙弥剃度之用。一年一度的剃度仪式隆重而庄严,充分体现了这一活动所具有的宗教意义。而更为重要的是,宋朝政府将出家人的剃度仪式与各级政府庆贺皇帝生日的活动巧妙地融为一体,这就将宗教活动与世俗庆典结合了起来,使受戒活动更显隆重,也使戒坛成为具有高度政治象征意义的场所。
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| 关 键 词： | 宋代 佛教 戒坛 宗教仪式 政治伦理 |
Religious Ritual and Political Ethic:Buddhist Kaidan in Song Dynasty and its Symbolic Meaning |
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| YOU Biao.Religious Ritual and Political Ethic:Buddhist Kaidan in Song Dynasty and its Symbolic Meaning[J].Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Science Edition),2013(2):53-61. |
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| Authors: | YOU Biao |
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| Institution: | YOU Biao (School of History,BNU,Beijing 100875,China) |
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| Abstract: | Kaidan is the place to attain the full status of a monk or a nun;and it is also an important appendage to a temple.In Song Dynasty,the Government had a strict control of its new establishment.However,along the development,the number gradually increased and in consequence neither the official nor the non-governmental records were accurate.Materials show that there is a complete set of regulations then,which should be formulated under the strict supervision of the Government.In those areas that Buddhism was prosperous,kaidan was generally set up by Zhou(administration unit next below province);but in those that were not so much developed,several zhou's owned one.The annual tonsure ceremony was grand and solemn,which fully represented the religious significance of the local area per se.More importantly,such ceremonies were held along celebrating emperors' birthdays by all levels of local governments,a unification that enhanced the solemnity of the tonsures to an even more grand extent and hence became highly a political symbol. |
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| Keywords: | Song Dynasty Buddhism kaidan religious ritual political ethic |
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