| 日本幼保一元化改革与“认定儿童园”制度的确立和实施 |
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| 引用本文： | 张德伟.日本幼保一元化改革与“认定儿童园”制度的确立和实施[J].外国教育研究,2012(2):3-14. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张德伟 |
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| 作者单位： | 东北师范大学国际与比较教育研究所 |
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| 摘 要： | 在"二战"前乃至"二战"后的相当长一段时间里,日本主要存在两类幼儿教育机构,一是作为"学校"之一种的幼儿园,二是属于"儿童福祉设施"之一种的保育所(战前为托儿所),这就形成了幼儿教育机构的二元体制。现在,日本更加认识到了幼儿教育的重要性及其意义和作用,加大了幼儿教育改革的力度。在近年日本的幼儿教育改革中,实质性地推进幼儿园和保育所的一元化是一项重要工作,创设并实行"认定儿童园"制度是一项重要的制度变革。创设"认定儿童园"是日本政府主导的推进"幼保一元化"改革中的一个制度选择和设计。目前,日本中央和地方政府正在着力推进"认定儿童园"的认定工作。
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| 关 键 词： | 日本 幼儿园 保育所 幼保一元化 “认定儿童园” |
The Reform of Unifying the Kindergarten and Child Care Centre and the Establishment and Implementation of "Authorized Child Garden" System |
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| ZHANG Dewei.The Reform of Unifying the Kindergarten and Child Care Centre and the Establishment and Implementation of "Authorized Child Garden" System[J].Studies in Foreign Education,2012(2):3-14. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Dewei |
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| Institution: | ZHANG Dewei(Institute of International and Comparative Education,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024,China) |
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| Abstract: | Before the World WarⅡ and even in quite a long time after the World WarⅡ,there are two main kinds of early childhood education institutions.One is kindergarten,as a kind of school,the other is child-care centre(the nursery school before the World WarⅡ),as a kind of child-welfare facility,which creates a duel-system of early childhood education institution.Nowadays,the importance,significance and effect of early childhood education have been recognized in Japan,which leads to a more intensive early childhood education reform.In recent years,in the process of Japanese early childhood education reform,promoting the unification of the kindergarten and child-care centre substantially is an important work,creating and implementing "authorized child garden" system is also an important system reform.Creating "authorized child garden" is an institutional choice and design which is guided by Japanese government to promote the unification of the kindergarten and child care centre.At present,Japanese central and local governments are concentrating their efforts on promoting the cognizance of "authorized child garden". |
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| Keywords: | Japan kindergarten child-care centre unification of the kindergarten and child-care centre "authorized child garden" |
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