| 中国海洋等效虚拟水初步测算及结构性特征分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 孙才志,张梦飞.中国海洋等效虚拟水初步测算及结构性特征分析[J].资源科学,2018,40(9):1843-1854. |
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| 作者姓名： | 孙才志 张梦飞 |
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| 作者单位： | 辽宁师范大学海洋经济与可持续发展研究中心,大连 116029 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家社会科学重点项目（16AJY009） |
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| 摘 要： | 本文提出“海洋等效虚拟水”概念,以陆海统筹思想为指导,采取陆海同功能产品或服务可等效转换的思路,从食物、废水净化、发电三个角度分别提出“海洋食物等效虚拟水”、“海洋环境等效虚拟水”和“海洋能源等效虚拟水”。以中国沿海地区为研究区域,探究在海洋开发与利用过程中海洋产品或服务对陆地淡水资源的等效替代能力。研究结果显示,中国海洋等效虚拟水总量呈U型变化趋势,从2006年的182.05亿m3,先下降到2011年的145.03亿m3,又上升到2014年的165.68亿m3。研究期间海洋等效虚拟水含量占用水量的比例达6.4%,未来海水养殖等效虚拟水和海上风电等效虚拟水的显著增加将促进海洋等效虚拟水含量进一步升高。此外,本文根据中国海洋等效虚拟水结构性特征提出优化方向,并根据各省市海洋等效虚拟水结构性特征提出具体的优化设计,为中国沿海地区海洋等效虚拟水的发展提供借鉴。海洋等效虚拟水的稳定供给必须在海洋资源、环境可持续发展的前提下实现,合理利用海洋实现陆地水资源补充是解决沿海地区未来水资源难题的重要途径。
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| 关 键 词： | 海洋等效虚拟水 海洋食物等效虚拟水 海洋环境等效虚拟水 海洋能源等效虚拟水 中国沿海地区 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017-10-09 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018-07-17 |
Preliminary calculation and structural analysis of China’s marine equivalent virtual water |
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| Caizhi SUN,Mengfei ZHANG.Preliminary calculation and structural analysis of China’s marine equivalent virtual water[J].Resources Science,2018,40(9):1843-1854. |
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| Authors: | Caizhi SUN Mengfei ZHANG |
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| Institution: | Center for Studies of Marine Economy and Sustainable Development, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China |
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| Abstract: | The article puts forward the concept of marine equivalent virtual water. Under the guidance of land-sea coordination and according the idea that products and services in the same function between the sea and land can be converted equivalently, “marine food equivalent virtual water”, “marine environment equivalent virtual water, ” and “marine energy equivalent virtual water” are initiated from the perspectives of food, wastewater purification, and power generation. Taking the coastal areas of China as the research region, the replenishment capacity of marine products or services for terrestrial freshwater resources were explored in the process of mari ne development and utilization. The results showed that the total amount of China marine equivalent virtual water is U-shape trend. It fell from 18.2 billion m3 in 2006 to 14.5 billion m3 in 2011, and then rose to 16.6 billion m3 in 2014. During the study period, the content of marine equivalent virtual water occupies the proportion of water consumption to reach 6.4%. The increase of marine culture equivalent virtual water and marine wind equivalent energy virtual water will promote the amount of marine equivalent virtual water in the future. Meanwhile, this paper demonstrates the optimization direction based on the structural characteristics of marine virtual water in China, and consolidates the specific optimization design based on the structural characteristics of marine equivalent virtual water of the provinces and cities. It will provides a reference for the improvement of marine equivalent virtual water in coastal areas of China. The stable supply of marine equivalent virtual water must be realized under the precondition of sustainable development of marine resources and environments. It is an important way to solve the problems of water resources in the future by utilizing the ocean to replenish land water resources rationally. |
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| Keywords: | marine equivalent virtual water marine food equivalent virtual water marine environment equivalent virtual water marine energy equivalent virtual water coastal areas of China |
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