| 美国高校创客空间组织：内涵、架构与启示 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘巍伟,尹向毅,虞晓芬.美国高校创客空间组织：内涵、架构与启示[J].科技管理研究,2021,41(22):83-89. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘巍伟 尹向毅 虞晓芬 |
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| 作者单位： | 浙江工业大学管理学院,浙江杭州 310023;湖州师范学院教师教育学院,浙江湖州 313002 |
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| 基金项目： | 教育部第二批新工科研究与实践项目“跨界融合、通专融合、产教融合培养新工科人才创新创业能力的研究与实践”(E-CXCYYR20200931)；浙江省哲学社会科学规划重点课题“创客教育体系的构建与实施途径研究”(17NDJC030Z)；浙江省软科学研究项目“科技自立自强下高校创客空间的建设路径 研究” （2022C35033）；浙江省教育科学规划课题“中美高校创业教育与专业教育融合机制的比较研究 ”(GH2021426 ) |
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| 摘 要： | 美国高校创客空间(academic makerspace)经过多年发展已逐渐成为综合式新型学习空间、全链式创新创业空间和协作式社交开放空间.从物质层、行为层、规范层和精神层对美国高校创客空间进行系统分析,发现美国高校创客空间在物质层注重标准规划与信息融合,在行为层侧重优化迭代与塑造生态,在规范层表现为精干高效和全员参与,在精神层倡导开放包容和多元并存.借鉴美国经验,提出中国高校创客空间应由重视实体空间建设向线上线下结合,由注重创业孵化向创新创业交互迭代,由侧重硬性设施投入向柔性机制完善,由小众外来文化状态向大众本土文化培育推进.
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| 关 键 词： | 高校创客空间 创新创造创业 创新创业教育 美国 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021/4/21 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021/11/29 0:00:00 |
Organization of the Academic Makerspace in the United States: Connotation, Structure and Enlightenment |
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| Liu Weiwei,Yin Xiangyi,Yu Xiaofen.Organization of the Academic Makerspace in the United States: Connotation, Structure and Enlightenment[J].Science and Technology Management Research,2021,41(22):83-89. |
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| Authors: | Liu Weiwei Yin Xiangyi Yu Xiaofen |
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| Abstract: | After years of development, academic makerspaces in the United States have gradually become new and comprehensive learning spaces, full-chain innovation and entrepreneurship spaces, and open collaborative social spaces. This paper systematically analyzes the academic makerspaces in the United States from the material level, behavior level, norm level and spiritual level, and finds that at the material level, they focus on standard planning and information fusion; at the behavior level, they put particular emphasis on optimizing iteration and shaping the ecology; at the norm level, they lie in efficiency and full participation; at the spiritual level, they advocate openness, tolerance and diversity. Drawing lessons from the American experience, the paper puts forward that academic makerspace in China should shift from physical space construction to online and offline integration, from entrepreneurial incubation to innovation and entrepreneurship interactive iteration, from investment of hard facilities to the flexible mechanism, and from niche foreign culture to the cultivation of mass local culture. |
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| Keywords: | academic makerspace innovation creates entrepreneurship innovation and entrepreneurship education the United States |
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