| 新疆艾比湖地区沙尘天气的地表条件及土壤保持 |
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| 引用本文： | 钱亦兵,张立运,吴兆宁,玉素甫艾力.新疆艾比湖地区沙尘天气的地表条件及土壤保持[J].资源科学,2006,28(5):185-189. |
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| 作者姓名： | 钱亦兵 张立运 吴兆宁 玉素甫艾力 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,乌鲁木齐,830011
2. 新疆大学资源与环境科学学院,乌鲁木齐,830046 |
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| 摘 要： | 和参照区相比，减弱艾比湖地区地表抗风蚀能力，导致沙尘天气形成的不利因素首先是该区春季裸露的耕地和低覆盖度荒漠景观的分离度/破碎度较低。其次是较高的植被生态优势度、土壤中有机质含量和pH值，以及较差的土壤粒度分选性。而利于地表土壤稳定性的积极因素则是植被盖度、植物群落多样性及较粗的土壤质地。在查明艾比湖地区沙尘天气发生的地表条件基础上，可以通过生物的、物理和化学的方法使上述地表环境向抑制沙尘天气发生和保护土壤免遭风蚀的方向演替。通过人工种植草、木本植物和退耕还林还草，提高植被覆盖度。同时，注意增加植物群落的多样性。选用耐盐碱植物和先进的灌溉技术治理土壤的盐碱化，降低其pH值。掺沙改良粘重的土壤，减少沙尘源地。并按一定空间格局退耕还林还草和合理布置农田防护林网，对大面积耕地/低盖度荒漠进行充分分隔，以增加其离散程度，能有效防止土壤流失（风蚀）。
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| 关 键 词： | 沙尘天气 地表条件 土壤保持 艾比湖地区 |
| 文章编号： | 1007-7588（2006）05-0185-05 |
| 收稿时间： | 2006-03-20 |
| 修稿时间： | 2006-06-30 |
Ground Surface Conditions of Sand Dust Event Occurrence and Soil Conservation in Aibi Lake Region of Xinjiang |
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| QIAN Yi-bing,ZHANG Li-yun and WU Zhao-ning,YUSU fu-aili.Ground Surface Conditions of Sand Dust Event Occurrence and Soil Conservation in Aibi Lake Region of Xinjiang[J].Resources Science,2006,28(5):185-189. |
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| Authors: | QIAN Yi-bing ZHANG Li-yun and WU Zhao-ning YUSU fu-aili |
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| Abstract: | Comparing with a contrast region,the factors of weakening the capability of erosion-resistance and causing the formation of sand-dust event in the Aibi Lake region are: firstly the separation or fragmentation of bare land-cultivated in spring season and desert landscape with low vegetation cover is lower;secondly the higher ecological dominant degree of vegetation,pH values and organic matter contents in the soils,and the poorer sorting indices.The factors of strengthening the ground surface stability are mainly the high vegetation cover,more abundant plant community diversity and coarser soil texture.On the basis of identifying the ground surface conditions of sand-dust event occurrences,the biological,physical and chemical measures can be used to restrain sand-dust event occurrence and prevent soil from erosion.First,by applying organic fertilizer,pH value of resulting from high carbonate can be reduced.Secondly,while returning cultivated land to grassland and woodland and building shelter forest belts,parallel vegetation cover can be raised with an increase of the diversity of plant community.Thirdly,by selecting alkali-saline-tolerant plants and irrigation methods,the aims of harnessing salinization-alkalization and reducing pH of soil can be achieved.By mixing sand into heavy clay soil,the soil can be ameliorated thereby decreasing the source of sand-dust events.According to a certain spatial pattern,by returning cultivated land to grassland and woodland and rationally building shelter forest net of farmland,which can compart a wide cultivated land and desert land with low vegetation cover in order to increase its discrete degree in the chief wind direction and soil loss or erosion can efficiently be prevented. |
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| Keywords: | Sand-dust event Ground surface conditions Soil conservation Aibi Lake region |
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